Intraoperative fluid management aims to maintain central euvolemia while avoiding salt and water excess. Excessive intravenous fluid administration leads to gut edema, bacterial translocation, prolonged ileus, and impaired gastrointestinal (GI) function and tolerance for enteral nutrition [1]. Several factors, such as preoperative fasting, hypertonic bowel preparations, anesthesia, and positive pressure ventilation, predispose surgical patients to a functional intravascular volume deficit [2]. How ever, optimal fluid management is difficult to achieve using standard parameters (e.g., heart rate, blood pressure, central venous pressure, or urine output) [3]. So, intraoperative fluid management should be guided by goal-directed therapy (GDT) rather than predetermined calculations [1].Pulse pressure variation (PPV) has an advantage over most of the dynamic measures of fluid responsiveness in not being affected by airway and pleural pressures [4]. Lactated Ringer's (LR) is a commonly
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