In the last decade, numerous researches in the field of electro-encephalography (EEG) and brain-computer-interface (BCI) have been accomplished. BCI has been developed to aid disabled/partially disabled people to efficiently communicate with the community. This paper presents a control tool using the Neurosky Mindwave headset, which detects brainwaves (voluntary blinks and attention) to form a braincomputer interface (BCI) by receiving the system signals from the frontal lobe. This paper proposed an alternative computer input device for those disabled people (who are physically challenged) rather than the conventional one. The work suggested to use two virtual keyboard designs. The conducted experiment revealed a significant result in developing user printing skills on PCs. Encouraging results (1.55-1.8 word per minute (WPM)) were obtained in this research in comparison to other studies.
Human machine interaction (HMI) allows persons to control and interact with devices. Starting from elementary apparatus which acquires input bio-signals to controlling various applications. Medical applications are amongst the very important applications of HMI. One of these medical applications is assisting fully/partially paralyzed patients to restore movements or freely move using exoskeletons or motorized wheelchairs. Helping patients with spinal cord injury or serious neurological diseases to restore their movements is a key role objective for most researchers in this field. In this paper, an EEG-based HMI system is proposed to assist patients with tetraplegia/quadriplegia to mentally control a motorized wheelchair so they can move freely and independently. EEG power spectrum (α, β, δ, θ, and γ) from the frontal lobe of brain is recorded, filtered and wirelessly sent to the wheelchair to control directions and engine status. Four different experiments were conducted using the proposed system in order to validate the performance. Two different GUIs scenarios (cross-shaped and horizontal bar) were used with the experiments. Results showed that the horizontal bar scenario considered more user friendly while the cross-shaped is the more suitable for navigation. The implemented system can be equipped with modules and sensors such as GPS, ultrasound and accelerometer that improve the system performance and reliability.
Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machines are having a great industrial role in the progress of humanity to furnish an exactly crafted pieces for different tools and instruments. In the last decade their use had become more popular due to the cheap microcontrollers that emerged and still emerging. The 3D printers’ availability made manufacturing of CNC machines simpler. But the need for easing the means to program a CNC machine is still required. This paper gives a software which is intended to make dealing with G-code used with this type of machines easier. This software allows the user to execute manually any step he wants in predefined steps which can be changed on demand, return to origin of working palette, control the working head to any level demanded. Also, it can transform any G-code already prepared to the CNC machine. This software is built using the visual basic vb6.net. The microcontroller used is the Arduino uno, the mechanical set is locally prepared, and the presented application is for line drawing. CNC machines can do a variety of jobs including; drilling, plotting, engraving, laser cut, PCB drilling … etc. This software had been tested successfully for drawing with ability to show the G-code for each manual movement. Applying it to other CNC applications demands changing the operation head and care for each condition application circumstances.
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