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Isolates of P. halstedii collected from different parts of Karnataka, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh belong to a single race, i.e., race 100. Based on virulence pattern, they can be grouped into five different groups, A, B, C, D and E. Bangalore isolate was most virulent and Bidar isolate was least virulent. Morphological variations existed among the isolates with regard to the size of sporangiophores and sporangia. Sporangiophores were longer Dharwad isolate and sporangia were larger in Mysore and Latur isolates.

The experiment was conducted to find out appropriate moisture stress mitigation technique for rabi urdbean under rainfed conditions. The different moisture stress mitigation techniques viz., 2% KCl, 6% Kaolin, soil mulch, removal and incorporation of alternative rows, 2% KCl + 0.1% Boron, 2% Urea, 0.1% Nitrophosk (19:19:19 N:P:K), 0.1% Boron were tried along with absolute control and water spray. Among the different treatments, 2% KCl + 0.1% Boron spray at flowering and pod initiation stages recorded significantly higher grain yield (724 kg/ha) than other treatments (460-555 kg/ha) except 6% Kaolin (629kg/ha). Whereas gross returns (H 37898/ha), net returns (H 29138/ha) output/input (2.66) and energy use efficiency (81.35 kg/1000 MJ) were significantly higher in the treatment 2% KCl + 0.1% Boron over others.