The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of an energy restriction intermittent fasting diet in metabolic biomarkers and weight management among adults with metabolic syndrome. This randomized controlled study was performed with metabolic syndrome patients, aged 18–65 years, at an academic institution in Istanbul, Turkey (n = 70). All participants were randomized to the Intermittent Energy Restriction (IER) intervention group and Continuous Energy Restriction (CER) control group. Biochemical tests including lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin Type A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), blood pressure, and body composition were evaluated at baseline and at the 12th week in diet interviews. Dietary intake was measured with the 24-h dietary recall method and dietary quality was evaluated with the Healthy Eating Index-2010. Changes in body weight (≈7% weight loss) and composition were similar in both groups. Blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting glucose, and insulin at the 12th week decreased in both groups (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in metabolic syndrome biomarkers between the IER and CER groups. The energy-restricted intermittent fasting diet did not cause any deficiencies in macronutrient and fiber intake in the subjects. Healthy Eating Index (HEI) index scores were achieved similarly in both groups, and subjects’ dietary intakes were close to daily reference nutritional intake values. The technique used to achieve energy restriction, whether intermittent or continuous, appears to alleviate the metabolic syndrome biomarkers activated by weight loss.

It is known that treatment is more difficult, and morbidity and mortality increases in cases where nutritional support is required. Nutritional risk screening-2002 (NRS) score and the presence of malnutrition were investigated in patients who were consulted to our nutritional support team and the relationship between this scoring and clinical course was investigated. 2002 and the presence of malnutrition were investigated in patients who were consulted to our nutritional support team and the relationship between this scoring and clinical course was investigated. Methods: The patients who were consulted to nutrition support team between January 2013 and June 2016 were included in this retrospective study. Patients with and without malnutrition according to NRS-2002 were compared in terms of age, gender, primary disease, body mass index (BMI), calorie need, albumin, prealbumin, C-reactive protein and the length of hospital stay. Results: A total of 450 cases were included in the study. There was a significant difference in terms of age, BMI, albumin value and mortality among cases with and without malnutrition. Mortality was not observed in the cases without malnutrition, and one out of five cases with malnutrition was found to die. According to the correlation analysis, it was observed that malnutrition score increased as age increased, and that malnutrition score decreased as BMI, calorie need and albumin values increased. There was no difference between two groups in terms of gender, diagnosis, prealbumin, C-reactive protein and length of hospital stay. Conclusion: Our study emphasized the importance of absolute review of body mass index, albumin and C-reactive protein levels in order to evaluate malnutrition more effectively in patients with malnutrition according to NRS-2002. We think that it is important to monitor the patients closely by establishing nutritional support units in hospitals, especially in the neurology and oncology clinics, since the detection of malnutrition and nutritional support affects the clinical course.

Background: Burns are defined as injuries after exposure to thermal, radiation, electrical or chemical exposure of the skin, or organic tissues. It has high mortality and morbidity for low- and middle-income countries. Objective/Method: Evaluation of the present knowledge principles of nutritional therapy for pediatric burns from the dietician's perspective taking into account the epidemiology and physiology of the burn. : The purpose of burn treatment is to provide survival and tissue repair and increase immunity. Therefore, besides fluid electrolyte replacement and surgical interventions, nutritional therapy is quite important. Nutrition principles should aim to reduce inflammation and meethypermetabolic needs. Results: In clinical practice of children suffering from burns, daily energy need is calculated by adding the recommended energy expenditure to the burn percentage, but the most accurate method is the use of indirect calorimetry.Protein requirement is around 1.5-3.0 g/kg/day; carbohydrate intake should be 55-60% of total energy intake, while lipids should be less than 30%. Vitamin supplements in the form of a multivitamin are recommended in addition to vitamin A, vitamin C, and Zinc. In cases where oral intake is insufficient, enteral nutrition should be applied as soon as possible. When enteral feeding is contraindicated, parenteral nutrition is preferred. Conclusion: Evaluating the nutritional status of children and meeting macro and micronutrient needs accelerate wound healing, shorten hospital stay, and reduce mortality.

No abstract