For decades, the Ébrié Lagoon in Côte d'Ivoire has been the receptacle of wastewater effluent and household waste transported by runoff water. This work assesses the spatio-temporal variability of the Ébrié lagoon water quality at the city of Abidjan. The methodological approach used in this study is summarized in three stages: the choice and standardization of the parameters for assessing water quality for uses such as aquaculture, irrigation, livestock watering, and sports and recreation; the weighting of these parameters using the Hierarchical Analysis Process (AHP) of Saaty; and finally, the aggregation of the weighted parameters or factors. Physicochemical and microbiological analysis data on the waters of the Ébrié lagoon for June and December of 2014 and 2015 were provided by the Ivorian Center for Anti-Pollution (Centre Ivoirien Anti-Pollution, CIAPOL), and the concentrations of trace elements in sediments (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn) were used. The aggregation of standardized and weighted parameters allowed the calculation of the Water Quality Indices (WQI) by usage for each bays of the lagoon. The results show that in both 2014 and 2015, the waters of the Ébrié lagoon were generally of poor quality for the different uses examined in this study (aquaculture, irrigation, livestock watering, and sport and recreation) with an accentuation in 2015. However, some bays of the lagoon have waters of dubious to satisfactory quality. This study contributes an improved evaluation of the Ébrié lagoon waters.
From (2,3-dihydro-1H-perimidin-2-yl)-phenyl, the substitution of OH group in ortho or para position on the phenyl ring, allows us to synthesize the studied compounds. These three compounds have been characterized by conventional spectroscopic methods (NMR and MS). The interest of this work is to review the antioxidant activity of our compounds. The antioxidant activity screening carried out according to FRAP and DPPH methods revealed significant anti-free radical properties for compounds 1 and 2 even at low concentrations. In contrast to the compound 2, compound 3 for which the OH group is substituted in para position has the lowest activity in both cases. Therefore the para position seems to be the least sensitive position to increase the antioxidant activity of this pharmacophore.
In many parts of the world, health problems have often been caused by untreated wastewater. The objective of this study was to determine the pollution level of wastewater in Abidjan city and to evaluate their impact on marine environment. Thus, wastewater samples were collected and analyzed according to French Association of Standardization (FANOR). The results showed that the values of these parameters are ranged on average between 14500 and 18500 mg/L for Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD 5), between 36000 and 41800 mg/L for Carbon Oxygen Demand (COD) and between 75 and 145.5 mg/L for Suspended Matters (SM). All these values are beyond World Health Organization recommendations for wastewater discharge. However, the analysis of the ratios between the COD and BOD 5 of the different effluents showed that it is ranged on average between 1.44 and 2.60. That means that wastewaters have a domestic character and are therefore easily biodegradable. So, the government should build a sewage treatment plant in Abidjan city to minimize health and environmental risks.
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