consults and holds stock in Ideaya, and cofounded and holds stock in Cedilla Therapeutics. G.G. receives research funding from IBM and Pharmacyclics and is an inventor on multiple patent applications related to bioinformatic tools, including applications related to MuTect, ABSOLUTE, MSMuTect, MSMutSig and MSIClass. Y.E.M. is an inventor on patent applications related to the bioinformatic tools, MSMuTect, MSMutSig and MSIClass. The Broad Institute filed a US patent application related to the target described in this manuscript.
The standard model of particle physics currently provides our best description of fundamental particles and their interactions. The theory predicts that the different charged leptons, the electron, muon and tau, have identical electroweak interaction strengths. Previous measurements have shown that a wide range of particle decays are consistent with this principle of lepton universality. This article presents evidence for the breaking of lepton universality in beauty-quark decays, with a significance of 3.1 standard deviations, based on proton–proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider. The measurements are of processes in which a beauty meson transforms into a strange meson with the emission of either an electron and a positron, or a muon and an antimuon. If confirmed by future measurements, this violation of lepton universality would imply physics beyond the standard model, such as a new fundamental interaction between quarks and leptons.
A combination of measurements sensitive to the CKM angle γ from LHCb is performed. The inputs are from analyses of time-integrated B + → DK + , B 0 → DK * 0 , B 0 → DK + π − and B + → DK + π + π − tree-level decays. In addition, results from a time-dependent analysis of B 0 s → D ∓ s K ± decays are included. The combination yields γ = (72.2 +6.8 −7.3 ) • , where the uncertainty includes systematic effects. The 95.5% confidence level interval is determined to be γ ∈ [55.9, 85.2] • . A second combination is investigated, also including measurements from B + → Dπ + and B + → Dπ + π − π + decays, which yields compatible results.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.