[1] We present a new modeling system for wave-current interaction based on unstructured grids and thus suitable for very large-scale high-resolution multiscale studies. The coupling between the 3D current model (SELFE) and the 3rd generation spectral wave model (WWM-II) is done at the source code level and the two models share same sub-domains in the parallel MPI implementation in order to ensure parallel efficiency and avoid interpolation. We demonstrate the accuracy, efficiency, stability and robustness of the coupled SELFE-WWM-II model with a suite of progressively challenging benchmarks with analytical solution, laboratory data, and field data. The coupled model is shown to be able to capture important physics of the wave-current interaction under very different scales and environmental conditions with excellent convergence properties even in complicated test cases. The challenges in simulating the 3D wave-induced effects are highlighted as well, where more research is warranted.
[1] The Integrated Ocean Observing System Super-regional Coastal Modeling Testbed had one objective to evaluate the capabilities of three unstructured-grid fully current-wave coupled ocean models (ADCIRC/SWAN, FVCOM/SWAVE, SELFE/WWM) to simulate extratropical storm-induced inundation in the US northeast coastal region. Scituate Harbor (MA) was chosen as the extratropical storm testbed site, and model simulations were made for the 24-27 May 2005 and 17-20 April 2007 (''Patriot's Day Storm'') nor'easters. For the same unstructured mesh, meteorological forcing, and initial/boundary conditions, intermodel comparisons were made for tidal elevation, surface waves, sea surface elevation, coastal inundation, currents, and volume transport. All three models showed similar accuracy in tidal simulation and consistency in dynamic responses to storm winds in experiments conducted without and with wave-current interaction. The three models also showed that wave-current interaction could (1) change the current direction from the along-shelf direction to the onshore direction over the northern shelf, enlarging the onshore water transport and (2) intensify an anticyclonic eddy in the harbor entrance and a cyclonic eddy in the harbor interior, which could increase the water transport toward the northern peninsula and the southern end and thus enhance flooding in those areas. The testbed intermodel comparisons suggest that major differences in the performance of the three models were caused primarily by (1) the inclusion of wave-current interaction, due to the different discrete algorithms used to solve the three wave models and compute water-current interaction, (2) the criterions used for the wet-dry point treatment of the flooding/drying process simulation, and (3) bottom friction parameterizations.
Experimental investigations were carried out on wave-induced uplift loads on deck of shore-connecting high pile jetty on a slope in regular waves. A study on effect of gap (between deck end and shore line) on wave impact was also performed. It is found that the maximum uplift loads generally lag behind the maximum impact pressure and are associated with the pressure uniformly distributed along deck. Analysis of the measured data confirms that the distribution length for the uniform pressure is equivalent to wave contact length x. When x is larger than the width of deck B, it is taken as B. The non-dimensional uplift load increases with the increased relative deck clearance Δh/η. The increasing tendency continues up to Δh/η=0.2 and at that location the wave uplift load reaches a peak. After that, the load decreases until at certain deck level the above trend of load start to repeat once more. Generally, two peaks of wave uplift load occur in the range of deck clearance tested. The magnitude of the second wave load peak is larger than the first one. The non-dimensional wave force is observed to increase when the ratio of the wave length to the deck width increase up to a certain ratio. Beyond that ratio the force is less sensitive to the variation of the deck width. It is also found that the force reduces with increase in gap width. This decreasing trend of force is favorable for the design. From the investigation with wide range of input wave and structure parameters, simple predictive equation for wave uplift load was proposed for regular waves.
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