2019) Integrated metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing to investigate the regulation of Chinese yam on antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis in rats, Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 47:1, 3382-3390, ABSTRACT Objective: Antibiotics have saved hundreds of millions of patient's lives, but there are also many side effects. This paper mainly studies the regulation of Chinese yam on antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis in rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups, normal control group, antibiotic group, and Chinese yam group. In the antibiotic group and the yam group, a rat model of intestinal dysfunction was established by intragastric administration of imipenem/cilastatin sodium (antibiotic) for 21 days. The yam group was also given yam decoction for intervention. The fecal samples of each group of rats were analyzed using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) method to find potential biomarkers. The DNA in the feces was extracted, and analyzed using 16S rDNA method to find the differential flora. Spearman correlation analysis was performed on differential flora and differential metabolites to determine the main metabolic pathways of the host after intestinal flora dysregulation. Results: The administration of antibiotics can lead to disorders of intestinal flora, decreased microbial diversity, and changes in host metabolic phenotype. Chinese yam can significantly improve the intestinal flora, making the host's metabolic phenotype tend toward normal. Conclusion: Long-term use of Imipenem/cilastatin sodium can cause disturbance of intestinal flora in normal rats. Chinese yam may regulate intestinal flora disorder and have potential prebiotic effects.
ARTICLE HISTORY
Context
The bulb of
Lilium brownii
F. E. Brown (Liliaceae) (LB) is a common Chinese medicine to relieve insomnia.
Objective
To investigate the molecular mechanism of LB relieving insomnia.
Materials and methods
Insomnia model was induced by intraperitoneally injection
p
-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) in Wistar rats. Rats were divided into three groups: Control, PCPA (400 mg/kg, i.p. 2 days), LB (598.64 mg/kg, oral 7 days). The levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), melatonin (MT), and the expression of GABA
A
, 5-HT1A and MT receptors, as well as pathological changes in hypothalamus, were evaluated. 16S rDNA sequencing and UPLC-MS/MS were used to reveal the change of the intestinal flora and metabolic profile.
Results
The adverse changes in the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora and faecal metabolic phenotype altered by PCPA in rats were reversed after LB treatment, accompanied by the up-regulated levels of 5-HT as 8.14 ng/mL, MT as 16.16 pg/mL, 5-HT1A R and GABA
A
R, down-regulated level of NE as 0.47 ng/mL, and the improvement of pathological phenomena of cells in the hypothalamus. And the arachidonic acid metabolism and tryptophan metabolism pathway most significantly altered by PCPA were markedly regulated by LB. Besides, it was also found that LB reduced the levels of kynurenic acid related to psychiatric disorders and trimethylamine-
N
-oxide associated with cardiovascular disease.
Conclusion
The mechanism of LB relieving insomnia involves regulating flora and metabolites to resemble the control group. As a medicinal and edible herb, LB could be considered for development as a health-care food to relieve increasing insomniacs in the future.
qing Chen (2020) Liliumdavidii extract alleviates p-chlorophenylalanine-induced insomnia in rats through modification of the hypothalamicrelated neurotransmitters, melatonin and homeostasis of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,
:
Many plants in the genus Zanthoxylum, belonging to the Rutaceae family, are recorded as folk medicines for the
treatment of various diseases, which attracts much attention for their phytochemical and pharmacological activity
investigations. Alkaloids are the largest secondary metabolites with structurally diverse types found in this genus and they
demonstrate a wide range of biological activities. The aim of this review is to provide a summary on the isolation,
classification, and biological properties of the alkaloids from Zanthoxylum species, which also will bring more attention to
other researchers for further biological study on alkaloids for the new drug development.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.