Glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) is an important metabolite that contributes to the growth and disease-related physiologies of prokaryotes, plants, animals and humans alike. Here we show that G3P serves as the inducer of an important form of broad-spectrum immunity in plants, termed systemic acquired resistance (SAR). SAR is induced upon primary infection and protects distal tissues from secondary infections. Genetic mutants defective in G3P biosynthesis cannot induce SAR but can be rescued when G3P is supplied exogenously. Radioactive tracer experiments show that a G3P derivative is translocated to distal tissues, and this requires the lipid transfer protein, DIR1. Conversely, G3P is required for the translocation of DIR1 to distal tissues, which occurs through the symplast. These observations, along with the fact that dir1 plants accumulate reduced levels of G3P in their petiole exudates, suggest that the cooperative interaction of DIR1 and G3P orchestrates the induction of SAR in plants.
Noble multimetallic nanomaterials, if only consisting of Au, Ag, Pt, and Pd, typically adopt the high-symmetry face-centered cubic (fcc) structure. Here for the first time, by using the 4H/fcc Au@Ag nanoribbons (NRBs) as seeds, we report the synthesis of 4H/fcc trimetallic Au@PdAg core-shell NRBs via the galvanic reaction method under ambient conditions. Moreover, this strategy can also be used to synthesize 4H/fcc trimetallic Au@PtAg and quatermetallic Au@PtPdAg core-shell NRBs. Impressively, for the first time, these alloy shells, i.e., PdAg, PtAg, and PtPdAg, epitaxially grown on the 4H/fcc Au core with novel 4H hexagonal phase were successfully synthesized. Remarkably, the obtained 4H/fcc Au@PdAg NRBs exhibit excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the hydrogen evolution reaction, which is even quite close to that of the commercial Pt black. We believe that our findings here may provide a novel strategy for the crystal-structure-controlled synthesis of advanced functional noble multimetallic nanomaterials with various promising applications.
High-yield preparation of ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets is of great importance for the further exploration of their unique properties and promising applications. Herein, for the first time, the high-yield and scalable production of ultrathin 2D ternary chalcogenide nanosheets, including Ta2NiS5 and Ta2NiSe5, in solution is achieved by exfoliating their layered microflakes. The size of resulting Ta2NiS5 and Ta2NiS5 nanosheets ranges from tens of nanometers to few micrometers. Importantly, the production yield of single-layer Ta2NiS5 nanosheets is very high, ca. 86%. As a proof-of-concept application, the single-layer Ta2NiS5 is used as a novel fluorescence sensing platform for the detection of DNA with excellent selectivity and high sensitivity (with detection limit of 50 pM). These solution-processable, high-yield, large-amount ternary chalcogenide nanosheets may also have potential applications in electrocatalysis, supercapacitors, and electronic devices.
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