During long-term operation, buildings and structures for various reasons receive various defects and damage in the form of precipitation and subsidence of the soil base, rolls of buildings and structures, deformations and displacements of the elements of the bearing base, which are recorded by geodetic methods. Traditionally, while examining buildings and structures, geodetic methods are based on optical instruments (theodolites, levels, total stations) and grades, which are installed on the elements of controlled buildings and structures are used. The indicated optical methods, on the one hand, give high accuracy in registering deformations of the foundations and structures in comparison with other known methods, and on the other hand, the most famous methods have a number of disadvantages. This article has collected and refined information about one of the most effective geodetic method for assessing the deformation of the structures
The article presents the results of studies of innovative materials in the field of testing frost resistance. In fact, present accelerated methods for the determination of concrete frost resistance have high labour consuming and low effectiveness. Moreover there is no such accelerated methods which can be sufficiently applicable fro different innovative concretes, for example, concretes with SAP or self-compacting concrete and so on. Therefore, it is highly important to investigate new accelerated test method with high operability, efficiency and sufficient precision. Previously, two new methods were developed. The main purpose of the research is to compare these methods by evaluation of their technology and accuracy and, consequently, to identify the more sustain and efficient one. First method is based on estimation of energy release due to mechanical fracture and thermo cycling. Second method consists of the calculation value z (relation between relative decreasing of strength and relative strain in the direction perpendicular to compression) and replacement of thermo cycles by mechanical cycles. Both methods have high operability and do not take a lot of time, in was tested on the 10 specimens made of concrete and results were compared with values derived by standard method.
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