In this study, epimedins A-, B-, and C-, and icariin-rich extracts were simultaneously isolated from Epimedium brevicornu Maxim. through a convenient four-stage process consisting of solvent extraction, macroporous resin column pre-concentration, extraction fractionation, and reversed-phase (RP) silica gel column chromatography. Single factor experiments and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to optimize the preparation conditions. In the final products, the purities of epimedins A - C and icariin were 23.04%, 64.50%, 54.92%, and 77.54%, respectively, which will lay a foundation for the further purification of epimedin monomers and full utilization of Epimedium resources. Meanwhile, the osteogenic effects of epimedins A - C were investigated for the first time and compared with that of icariin, which will provide guidance for the clinical applications of Epimedium in the treatment of osteoporosis.
Transparent copolymers composed of hexa (allyl 4-hydroxybenzoate) cyclotriphosphazene (compound 1) and styrene as potential halogen-free, flame-retardant optical resins were prepared by radical copolymerization. The thermal performances of the cured resins were studied with thermogravimetric analysis; the decomposition mechanism of the copolymers was investigated with integrated thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared analysis. Compared with conventional polystyrene, the synthesized copolymers exhibited a higher refractive index and a higher thermal stability both under nitrogen and air atmospheres at elevated temperature, and the visible-light transmittance of the copolymers decreased slightly. With increasing ratio of compound 1 to styrene in the copolymers, the onset decomposition temperature and the char yield both increased gradually.
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