Based on metaphorical cognitive theory, this research did four experiments to examine whether and how one important feature of money, denomination, could influence prosocial behavior. Study 1 was an experiment with a sample size of 209 undergraduates ( Mage = 18.97) showed that a larger denomination enhanced the probability of participants engaging in prosocial behavior rather than with a smaller denomination. Study 2 collecting data from 269 undergraduates ( Mage = 18.50) further showed that larger denominations condition inspired more prosocial behavior than the control condition; and the small denominations condition produced similar levels of prosocial behavior to the control condition. Study 3 used single factor design with a sample size of 192 undergraduates ( Mage = 20.49) repeated the results of Study 2. Furthermore, Study 3 excluded an important alternative explanation that the value rather than the denomination influenced prosocial behavior. Last, Study 4 applied a factorial design experiment with a sample size of 132 undergraduates ( Mage = 20.92) which demonstrated that generosity mediated the effect of denomination on prosocial behavior; the effect of denomination on prosocial behavior did not depend on money priming methods. Finally, theoretical and practical implications were discussed.
Although the Student Career Construction Inventory (SCCI) has been used in many countries to measure the career adapting responses of college students, the applicability of the SCCI for use with Chinese college students has not yet been tested. Thus, we analyzed data from 411 college students who completed the SCCI and other related scales. The results support the second-order factor structure of the SCCI, and we found that the four dimensions, and the SCCI as a whole, were reliable. Students who scored higher on the SCCI scored higher on measures of career exploration, career planning, and career engagement, supporting the high congruent validity of the SCCI. Students with higher SCCI scores also showed stronger vocational identity and higher academic achievement, supporting the high criterion validity of the measure. Finally, the SCCI demonstrated scalar invariance across genders. Generally, the results show that the Chinese version of the SCCI is a valid and reliable scale for assessing college students' career adaptation thoughts and behaviors.
The gap between the rich and the poor is growing, and moral judgements between the rich and the poor will greatly affect their interaction and social stability. Based on subjective group dynamics theory, the current research leveraged two studies to test the interactive effect between self social class and target social class on moral judgements, and explored one important boundary of this interactive effect. The results of Study 1 showed that participants tended to make a stricter moral judgement on a target of the same social class as themselves than on a target of a different social class. The results of Study 2 further showed that people from the same social class and the same university judged each other with stricter moral standards; in contrast, people from the same social class but different universities did not use stricter moral standards. Therefore, individuals would make stricter moral judgements on people from the same social class as themselves, but make looser judgements on people from different social classes. This phenomenon only occurred when the participants and the target came from the same well-defined groups instead of different well-defined groups. Finally, the implications and limitations of this research were discussed.
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