Because of the high strength, high modulus, and lightweight, carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites have been extensively used in aerospace and high‐speed aircraft. In the present study, a high damping carbon fiber/epoxy (CF/EP) composites reinforced by microcapsule particles is prepared on the premise of guaranteeing the mechanical properties of CF/EP composites. Through flexural tests, interlayer shear tests, scanning electron microscopy, and vibration damping tests, the impacts of different components of microcapsules on the mechanical and damping properties of CF/EP are investigated. The microcapsule particles are composed of a polyurethane shell and internal silicone oil. The results demonstrate that the flexural, interlaminar shear properties and damping properties of CF/EP composites are effectively enhanced by appropriate amount of microcapsule particles. When the content is 3 vol%, the flexural strength of CF/EP composites is elevated by 1.68% with 734.392 MPa. In addition, the interlaminar shear strength of CF/EP composites is elevated by 4.91%, which is 42.8 MPa. Besides, the damping properties of CF/EP composites increase with the increasing content of microcapsule particles. When the content of microcapsule particles is 8 vol%, the damping ratio of CF/EP composites is elevated by 39.51%, which is 3.22%.
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