The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of voids in tall buildings on the surrounding wind environment. With the development of modular technology, there has been a new method of building high-rise buildings. Currently, more and more high-rise buildings often use void spaces to reduce the wind resistance and utilize wind turbines by using wind power to create sky gardens. In this study, CFD (computer fluid dynamic) technology was used to simulate the wind environment around the buildings. The research focuses on the size, distribution and quantity of the concavity, which usually is defined as sky gardens. It is found that when the area of the opening is the same, the more number of opening, the more strengthened and distributed vertical wind velocity behind the building can be. The wind shadow area at the pedestrian height is further reduced. For holes distribution, the optimum ratio of the spacing between concavities to the void size for wind environment of tall buildings ranges from 1 to 3, which can disperse the surrounding heat in more efficiency and weaken the wind velocity in the lowest level. Therefore, in high-rise buildings, the number and distribution of the openings will have different effects on the wind environment around the buildings.
This study explores the interaction between the indoor ventilation environment of a modular building and internal building elements, including relative position of modules, number and location of windows and standardized bathroom modules. The computer hydrodynamics technology was used for this research. The model was divided into three parts to simulate the ventilation environment: (i) the relative position of the module, (ii) the number and position of windows, and (iii) the position of the standardized bathroom module. The results of the simulation illustrate the need to balance the balcony space for indoor ventilation, which should be considered comprehensively during the actual design. From the perspective of the whole living unit, the ventilation condition is more advantageous when the four openings are along the external wind direction. In addition, it can improve efficiently the overall ventilation quality in the low wind speed zone by taking full advantage of the bathroom location in modular interior. In the process of a modular unit design, the relationship between standardized modules, window location, number and indoor comfort should be fully considered. With the simulation results, a relatively optimized standard of modular interior organization was established. In future, these variables can be adjusted according to actual needs.
The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of enclosed auditorium types on the wind ventilation environment inside a large semi-outdoor stadium. Stadia can be divided into three basic forms: all enclosed type auditorium, two sided and three-sided type auditorium. Different forms could have different effects on the wind environment inside a stadium, and the wind environment could have an impact on the competition in the stadium. In this study, a computer simulated hydrodynamics technology was used to model the stadium in different enclosed auditorium types. The wind environment in the stadium under different ventilation angles was simulated. The study found that for all round type stadia, the best inlet wind angle for the stadium ranges from 75° to 90°, which would avoid high wind velocity influences. For two-sided auditorium type stadia, 100 m sprinting track should be placed at the position near the auditorium. For inlet wind direction, 60° to 90° are the best inlet wind angles most favourable for sports competition. Hence, different stadium forms correspond different optimal inlet wind angles, while sport competition would also be impacted by the wind flow condition inside stadium.
To apply the thermal comfort to the optimization of building layout, a variable design method based on Kmeans clustering is proposed. The evaluation was based on numerical simulation, genetic algorithm and universal thermal climate index (UTCI) to implement the building layout optimization on Matlab. Finally, the building layouts with centralized type, decentralized type and edge flow type water configuration were optimized, respectively. The results show that after the optimization, a reduction of 0.1∼0.6°C of UTCI was observed. We concluded that under moderate heat stress, the increase in wind velocity is the key to thermal comfort improvement.
The purpose of this research is to investigate general workflow of parametric architecture design basing on building physical performance. Earlier study on parametric design have shown that this method can effectively improve quality and diversity in terms of architecture appearance. In addition, design time could also be saved in this way. Nevertheless, research about parametric design on building configuration basing on building physical performance is still insufficient. Hence, this study investigates the specific workflow of parametric design in the basis of building performance. The result show that whole workflow can be divided into three steps:1) variables input 2) objective function determination 3) optimization operation. Combination of different component conducts in every step and realize final optimal scheme.
This paper is based on the research of the wind environment in a residential area. Comprehensive analysis of the residential building group's outdoor wind environment with two different layouts was made by using the establishment of the physical and mathematical models of the outdoor wind environments, and the application of professional CFD software Fluent Airpak for scientific research. Studies have shown that using a numerical simulation method to evaluate the wind environment of residential area has a significant role in assisting with effective design. It also has an important impact on the improvement of buildings' layouts to better the outdoor wind environment.
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