We describe a completely algebraic axiom system for intertwining operators of vertex algebra modules, using algebraic flat connections, thus formulating the concept of a tree algebra. Using the Riemann-Hilbert correspondence, we further prove that a vertex tensor category in the sense of Huang and Lepowsky gives rise to a tree algebra over C. We also show that the chiral WZW model of a simply connected simple compact Lie group gives rise to a tree algebra over Q.

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