No abstract

Selective catalytic hydrotreatment of lignin-derived phenols and dimeric ethers into alkanes is crucial for utilization of lignin and its fragments.

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The gentle and simple preparation of chitin/metal composites from shrimp shells is meaningful due to their various applications and due to other environmentally unfriendly traditional approaches. Here, we propose a two-step method to prepare chitin/Zn composite from shrimp shells using phosphate ionic liquid (IL) and Zn(OAc) 2 •2H 2 O aqueous solution (aq.). The ILs and Zn(OAc) 2 •2H 2 O aq. contributed to deproteinization and decalcification/Zn-loading, respectively. The effect of anion/cations of the ILs and temperature on the protein removal is greater than IL/shrimp shells mass ratio and time. Additionally, the concentration of Zn(OAc) 2 •2H 2 O aq. and temperature have great influences on the calcium carbonate removal and Znloading ability. Optimally, shrimp shells are treated sequentially with 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazole dimethyl phosphate ([Emim]DMP) and 20 wt % Zn(OAc) 2 •2H 2 O aq. at 130 °C for 3 h, and the chitin/Zn composite is obtained with 0.2 wt % protein, 0.7 wt % calcium carbonate, and 13.4 wt % Zn. The characterization showed that Zn 2+ existed as Zn(OH) 2 /ZnCO 3 and interacted with chitin. Moreover, the obtained composite materials could catalyze the degradation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to monomer with 100% conversion and 60.2% selectivity at 180 °C for 5 h.