An efficient nickel-catalyzed C-H trifluoromethylation for the synthesis of trifluoromethylated free anilines using Togni's reagent has been developed. This approach exhibits a good functional group tolerance, good regioselectivity, and chemoselectivity under mild conditions. The newly developed economical one-step method is a better alternative to synthesize trifluoromethylated free anilines.
A general visible-light-promoted metal-free synthesis of secondary and tertiary thiocarbamates starting from thiosulfonates and N-substituted formamides is developed. By employing rhodamine B as photocatalyst and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as oxidant,...
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was utilized to determine the valence band offset (ΔEV) of the InGaZnO4 (IGZO)/Si heterojunction. The IGZO films were grown on Si (100) using radio frequency magnetron sputtering. A value of ΔEV = 2.53 eV was obtained by using In 3d5/2, Ga 2p3/2 core energy levels as references. Taking into consideration the experimental band gap of 3.20 eV of the IGZO, this would result in a conduction band offset ΔEC = 0.45 eV in this heterostructure.
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