Sheep manure was used to prepare biochar under pyrolysis temperature of 600ºC. The structural features of biochar were characterized by elemental analysis, BET analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The effects of pH, biochar dosage, adsorption time, temperature on adsorption of methyl orange (MO) in water by sheep manure biochar, as well as its adsorption mechanism, were investigated via batch experiments. The results showed that the sheep manure biochar had large specific surface area, abundant hole structure and high aromaticity and polarity. When temperature was 25ºC, MO concentration was 20 mg/L, initial pH was 4.0, and biochar dosage was 0.6 g/L, the adsorption achieved balance at about 250min, and the MO removal rate reached to 92.55%. Pseudo second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model could more accurately describe the adsorption behavior of MO onto sheep manure biochar, and the theoretical maximum adsorption capacity was 42.513 to 45.563 mg/g. Besides, the process is a favorable adsorption. Thermodynamic studies showed that the adsorption was a spontaneous, endothermic and entropy-increasing process. Sheep manure biochar could be used as a good adsorption material for MO in water, which achieved the goal of controlling waste by waste.
Root is one of the most important vegetable organs in higher plants, playing pivotal roles in plant anchoring in soil and uptake of water and nutrients. Plant roots interact with soil microbes named microbiota, which are related to many plant activities. Roots and root microbiota are essential for plant growth and plasticity in response to environmental stresses. Ideal root architecture and healthy root microbiota ensure stable crop yields under normal and stress conditions. It is urgent to incorporate theoretical breakthroughs of root research into crop breeding, which will promote the absorption and utilization of water and nutrients and help to fit the breeding goal of sustainable agriculture in our country. Subsequent work should focus on molecular mechanisms of crop root development and the interaction between plants and root microbiota, and the incorporation of ideal root architecture selection into crop breeding, which would be very important opportunities and challenges to achieve the green sustainable agriculture in China.
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