Background: Little empirical evidence is known about the sleep quality of frontline health professionals working in isolation units or hospitals during the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in China. This study thus aimed to examine the prevalence of poor sleep quality and its demographic and correlates among frontline health professionals.Methods: This is a multicenter, cross-sectional survey conducted in Liaoning province, China. Sleep quality was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).Results: A total of 1,931 frontline health professionals were recruited. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 18.4% (95%CI: 16.6%-20.11%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that older age (OR=1.043, 95%CI=1.026-1.061, P < 0.001), being nurse (OR=3.132, 95%CI=1.727-5.681, P < 0.001), and working in outer emergency medical team (OR=1.755, 95%CI=1.029-3.064, P=0.039) were positively associated with poor sleep quality. Participants who were familiar with crisis response knowledge were negatively associated with poor sleep quality (OR=0.70, 95%CI=0.516-0.949, P=0.021). Conclusion:The prevalence of poor sleep quality was relatively low among frontline health professionals during the COVID-19 epidemic. Considering the negative impact of poor sleep quality on health professionals' health outcomes and patient outcomes, regularly screening and timely treatments are warranted to reduce the likelihood of poor sleep quality in health professionals.

Since the beginning of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) pandemic, it has been clear that effective methods for the diagnosis of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) are the key tools to control its epidemic. The current gold standard for diagnosing COVID‐19 is the real‐time quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), which is a sensitive and specific method to detect SARS‐CoV‐2. Other RNA‐based methods include RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq), droplet digital reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (ddRT‐PCR), reverse transcription loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (RT‐LAMP), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR). The serological testing of antibodies (IgM and IgG), nanoparticle‐based lateral‐flow assay, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can be used to enhance the detection sensitivity and accuracy. Because antibodies are usually detected a week after the onset of symptoms, these tests are used to assess the overall infection rate in the community. Sine the fact that healthcare varies from country to country across the world, different types of diagnosing COVID‐19 imaging technologies including chest computed tomography (CT), chest radiography, and lung ultrasound are used in different degrees. Besides, the pooling test is an important public health tool to reduce cost and increase testing capacity in low‐risk area, while artificial intelligence (AI) may aid to increase the diagnostic efficiency of imaging‐based methods. Finally, depending on the type of samples and stages of the disease, a combination of information on patient demographics and histories, clinical symptoms, results of molecular and serological diagnostic tests, and imaging information is highly recommended to achieve adequate diagnosis of patients with COVID‐19.

How is social etiquette performed when offline interpersonal interactions are mediated online? Sixty semi-structured interviews with WeChat users, China's most popular social media platform, show that the app's technical designs facilitated a set of online etiquette rules which reproduced those of acquaintance communities. Three dimensions of social etiquette rules were considered and observed: respect, elegance, and tidiness. Users honored the face of others and avoided causing others to lose face, often presented a positive but restrained self-image, and strived to preserve the tidiness of the online public space by avoiding the sharing of and exposing others to "negative energy".

The neotropical species Spigelia anthelmia L. was firstly collected from China. Morphological characters are described and photographed in detail for further taxonomic identification. The species has become an invasive species in tropical Asia already, but not dispersed to the local ecosystem in Hainan yet, probably because of the short time of naturalization.