Introduction. One of the most common localizations where there is a connection between early diagnosis, timely treatment and a successful outcome of a disease is breast cancer. The behavior of a woman is associated with whether she is seeking medical help earlier or later, this now is for the first time determined, among other things, by a number of psychological characteristics of her personality. These can be cognitive beliefs included in her picture of the world, locus of control, resilience, and life orientation. The aim of this study is to identify a set of psychological predictive markers that determine the moment of initial medical treatment (early or late stages of the disease) of women with primary luminal breast cancer. Materials and methods. Survey methods were used as research methods: World assumptions scale R. Janoff-Bulman (by M.A. Padun, A.V. Kotelnikova), locus of control scale J.B. Rotter (by E.F. Bazhin, E.A. Golynkina, L.M. Etkind), Life Orientation Test M.F. Scheier, C.S. Carver (by Tsiring D.A., Evnina K.Yu.), Hardiness Survey S. Maddi (by D. Leontiev), methods of mathematical statistics: methods of descriptive statistics, univariate analysis of variance, discriminant analysis. The study involved 138 women with breast cancer in the I-III stages of the disease, who for the first time sought professional medical help. Results. The study of the psychological characteristics of women with breast cancer who first consulted a doctor at various stages of the disease revealed a set of predictive markers that contribute to seeking medical help earlier or later. Women who were diagnosed with cancer at stage I of the disease (early treatment) were characterized by: in comparison with the others, low assessment of their own significance and value, low indicators of life orientation (dispositional pessimism). Whereas in women who applied at stage III of the disease (late treatment), to a lesser extent compared to others, their belief of control in general manifested, however, in situations of achievement and professional relations, the locus of control of these women is internal. Also, for women who applied at The study was funded by Russian Science Foundation, project number 19-18-00426. the third stage of the disease, the indicators of engagement and resilience are lower than for women who applied at the early stages. Analysis of the psychological variables that differentiate women according to the stages of primary treatment showed that resilience, internality in the field of their achievement and life orientation affect the behavior of women associated with the initial visit to the doctor.
The study analyzed the clinical observation of the psychological characteristics of a woman diagnosed with breast cancer, who refused part of the proposed therapy, and had no contraindications to start special treatment.Patient Yu.F., born in 1953, diagnosis: cancer of the right breast T1NxM0 ЭР(95 %), ПР(15 %), Her2neu(0), Ki67 (5 %), refused for personal reasons from the surgical treatment proposed at the 1st stage (a written refusal was taken), in connection with which a course of hormone therapy was prescribed, a course of remote radiation therapy according to a radical program. When assessing the psychological profile of the patient, the data obtained demonstrate the presence of paradoxical hyperprotection in the patient who refused part of the treatment. Her psychological profile is similar to the psychological characteristics of women with breast cancer, whose course of the disease ended in death. In a study conducted in 2021, data were obtained on women with a negative outcome of the disease (death), who were convinced of their own luck and in the ability to control what was happening, used a wide range of coping strategies, were more resilient, are optimistic and had a pronounced internality in comparison with women in whom the disease went into stable remission.
The breast cancer hold leading position in the structure of oncological morbidity of women worldwide. The purpose of the study is to analyze contribution of psychological and environmental factors to risk of development of breast cancer in women residing in industrial metropolis and rural locality. The actuality of the study is conditioned by acquisition of new knowledge about risk factors of breast cancer. The study covered psychological factors (basic beliefs, life orientations, locus of control, coping behavior strategies, subjective assessment of quality of life, subjective age indicator, personal helplessness-independence, resilience) and environmental factor (place of urban of rural residence of women with breast cancer). The study established that in women residing in industrial metropolis the psychological risk factors are reduced indicators of basic beliefs, of quality of life and of resilience, rare application of coping strategy “Escape-Avoidance”, external locus of control. Alternatively, in women residing in rural areas, psychological risk factors for breast cancer are rare application of coping strategies, reduced quality of life indicators, increased vital activity, internal level of subjective control and personal helplessness. The study results can be included in development of personalized breast cancer screening protocols and as well as considered in assessing risk of development of disease when classifying women by breast cancer risk groups.
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