Starch-g-poly(acrylic acid)/organo-mordenite (St-g-PAA/OMOR) superabsorbent composites were prepared via inverse suspension polymerizationutilizing potassium persulfate as an initiator and N, N’-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker. Different dosages of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were used to obtain organo-mordenite (OMOR) samples with different organification degrees. The effects of the organification degree of OMOR on the water absorbency, swelling behavior, and reswelling properties of St-g-PAA/OMOR were studied. The results from both FTIR and XRD analyses indicate that the Si–OH group of OMOR was involved in the formation of the St-g-PAA/OMOR composite. SEM analyses showed that the organification degree of OMOR influenced the morphology of the St-g-PAA/OMOR composite. The water absorption absorbency, swelling rate, and reswelling capability of the St-g-PAA/OMOR composite prepared using the OMOR with the optimal organification degree were superior to those of the St-g-PAA/mordenite composite. The swelling behaviors of the St-g-PAA/OMOR composites, which were measured in distilled water, obeyed Schott’s second-order kinetics model. The St-g-PAA/OMOR composite prepared using the OMOR with the 8 wt.% organification degree had the highest water absorption capacity and the highest swelling rate. Moreover, after five swelling–shrinking cycles, the composite retained its excellent water absorption capacity.
In this work, novel superabsorbent composites made of starch-grafted-polyacrylic acid/coal gangue were prepared via aqueous solution polymerization. The starch-g-polyacrylic acid/coal gangue (St-g-PAA/CG) composite with 10 wt.% CG showed the maximum water absorbency in distilled water (560 g·g−1) and a 0.9 wt.% NaCl solution (102 g·g−1). Moreover, this superabsorbent composite exhibited fine thermal stability and its swelling behavior was dependent on pH. In general, the swelling kinetics of the superabsorbent composites fitted with the Scott’s kinetic model. These composites not only showed excellent water absorption reversibility after five absorption/drying cycles, but also exhibited considerable environmental responsiveness after the swelling medium was changed from distilled water to the 0.9 wt.% NaCl solution. Based on these results, the prepared superabsorbent composites can be applied in several fields such as horticulture, agriculture, health care, and controlled drug delivery, while ensuring comprehensive utilization of solid wastes.
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