BackgroundLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Early detection is considered critical for lung cancer treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have shown promise as diagnostic and prognostic indicators. This study was to identify specific miRNAs with diagnostic and prognostic value for patients with lung cancer, and to explore the correlation between expression profiles of miRNAs and patient survival.MethodsGene expression of members of the miR-183 family (miR-96, miR-182, and miR-183) were examined in 70 paired samples from lung cancer patients (primary cancer and non-cancerous tissues and sera), as well as 44 serum samples from normal volunteers and lung cancer cell lines by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The correlation between the expression of miRNAs in tissues, sera, and patient overall survival were also examined by log-rank and Cox regression analysis.ResultsExpression levels of members of the miR-183 family in lung cancer tumor and sera were higher than that of their normal counterparts. The miR-96 expression in tumors was positively associated with its expression in sera. Log-rank and Cox regression analyses demonstrated that high expression of tumor and serum miRNAs of the miR-183 family were associated with overall poor survival in patients with lung cancer.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the expressions of miR-96, miR-182, and miR-183 in tumor and sera may be considered potential novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer.
Metastasis and multidrug resistance (MDR) are the main reasons for the poor prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The use of biomarkers may contribute to a more accurate prediction of tumor metastasis, a better response to chemotherapy, and better patient survival. Gelsolin-like actin-capping protein (CapG) and gelsolin have been identified as playing important roles in tumor invasion and metastasis. Permeability glycoprotein (P-gp), glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTP1), and topoisomerase-II (Topo-II) are proteins that are closely related to MDR. In this study, we assessed the prognostic significance of CapG and gelsolin (both markers of tumor motility), and of P-gp, GSTP1, and Topo-II (markers of MDR) in NSCLC patients. One hundred and twenty-one patients with pathologically confirmed, resectable NSCLC were included in the study. The expression levels of the five kinds of proteins mentioned above were determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The correlation between the clinical characteristics and IHC findings were analyzed. Expression of CapG, gelsolin, and P-gp was found to be associated with an increased risk of death (Hazard Ratio (HR) ¼ 2.799, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) ¼ 1.2705-6.169, P ¼ 0.011; HR ¼ 3.968, 95% CI ¼ 1.811-8.693, P ¼ 0.001; HR ¼ 3.251, 95% CI ¼ 1.456-7.260, P ¼ 0.004, respectively), whereas expression of GSTP1 and Topo-II was not. These results suggest that higher tumor motility and MDR may be important in NSCLC prognosis. Anat Rec, 295:208-214, 2012. V V C 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Key words: NSCLC; CapG; gelsolin; P-gp; prognosisLung cancer remains the leading cause of cancerrelated deaths in China, in both males and females. The most common form of lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), has a 5-year relative survival rate below 70% in patients with Stage I tumors, and below 1% in patients with Stage IV tumors (Jemal et al., 2009). Treatment of patients with NSCLC is governed by various prognostic factors such as surgical stage, histological grade, differentiation, and lymph node metastasis. Nevertheless, the clinical outcome in individual patients is often difficult to predict.The main cause of death from lung cancer is usually related to metastasis and resistance to chemotherapeutics after primary surgery. If prognosis could be determined more precisely before treatment, then patients would be more effectively treated with individualized therapy. Compared with mRNAs, which degrade quickly if samples are not prepared correctly, proteins are more stable and potentially very useful biomarkers. Furthermore, differences in protein expression may reveal information about biological properties of tumors.
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