COVID-19 generated a societal crisis, which manifests itself in the fact that ordinary people are forced to revise their individual values in connection with the coronavirus pandemic and state the fact of their discrepancies with the priorities of the state and with the prevailing values in society. At the same time, the destruction of societal integrity necessitates a restructuring of the relationship between the state, society, business and households, taking into account fundamental changes in the consciousness of society and in people's assessments of the quality of the state's performance of the functions imputed to it by society. Before COVID-19 the priority of functions and fiscal preferences of the state was determined in accordance with the three main groups, according to R. Musgrave. COVID-19 made serious adjustments to the priority of state obligations to society, reducing them to two: improving the epidemiological situation in the country and timely reopening economic activities. These sharp changes were expressed in the emergence of the term “epinomics”, combining the two main goals of the states’ strategies for fighting the coronavirus. Adequate forms of organizing public-private partnerships make it possible to optimize the combination of strategic goals of the state and tools for their budget funding. And this, in turn, lets it possible to advance further in resolving the global societal crisis in the post-COVID-19 pandemics future.
The COVID-19 pandemic dealt a serious blow to national socio-economic systems, causing the deepest economic crisis since the Great Depression. Neither national economies and their states, nor national health and social welfare systems, nor private business, nor the global economy have stood the test of the coronavirus pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has predetermined an increase in the area of uncertainty as a new quality of post-coronavirus economic reality, in the structure of which private business plays a decisive role. In this regard, the principles of partnership between the state and private business in the production of public goods need theoretical understanding due to the new reality. Adequate institutionalization of relations between partners in implementing socially significant projects can be an important success factor in the fight against economic lockdown. The state dictate regarding the terms of partnership with private business, prevailing before COVID-19, largely explains the insignificant contribution of public-private partnerships (PPPs) to accelerating GDP growth in the countries of the world. After COVID-19, the priority of the intentions of private investors in organizing socially significant projects with the state should become the norm that will allow using PPPs to unlock the economic lockdown.
Adequacy of individual values reflection in the resulting public choice on the national level is extremely significant in itself. However, in the conditions of stagnating economy and declining citizens’ welfare this problem aggravates on the background of growing conflicting interests in the society and “accusations” against the state because of decline of population real income. In these conditions, the urgency of the problem of the adequacy of public choice in any country increases from both theoretical and practical view points. Moreover, its significance is great in the context of the experience of Russia as a typical economy with emerging market. The author sets the goals of considering the Russian experience of aggregating individual values and assessing the adequacy of the state’s public choice related to the implementation of national projects in the field of socially significant infrastructure. The goals are achieved through the application of general scientific research methods in the framework of comparative, logical, statistical analysis, as well as through the analysis of structure and dynamics, graphical interpretation of the information provided, etc. As a result, universal problems of public choice in the countries of the world were identified, the public-private partnership was highlighted as the real base and the effective mechanism of aggregation of individual values for the implementation of national projects. This made it possible to demonstrate the effectiveness of public choice in the field of socially significant infrastructure and to test effective forms of cooperation with national private business. In this light, Russia’s choice in favour of national projects as a special technology of aggregation of individual values represents interest both for theorists and practitioners.
The authors of the article examine different approaches to the international cooperation new format pursuit against a background of the crisis of modern international relations system. The main attention is paid to parliamentary diplomacy that has clearly shown its worth in the modern system of international relations when traditional diplomacy has often failed to meet the new challenges. The importance of parliamentary diplomacy has particularly grown under the conditions of the transfer to the multi-polar world. Now it has evolved from the system having more or less symbolic importance to the actual diplomatic tool affecting the interstate relations. The authors give specific examples of contemporary Russian and international practice to illustrate this thesis. The authors also examine new formats of inter-Parliamentary cooperation that are necessary to meet the challenges of the multi-polar world and assess their potential and perspectives.
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