Innovation efficiency is an important index to measure the innovation performance of high-tech enterprises. Numerous researches have been conducted on innovation efficiency at national, regional, and sectoral levels, while there are comparatively few studies on the innovation efficiency of high-tech small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) from a micro perspective. Therefore, innovation efficiency of 251 high-tech SMEs listed in China from 2012 to 2015 is measured with the super-SBM model in this paper. The results suggest that the overall innovation efficiency is low but shows an upward trend. In addition, the antecedents of innovation efficiency are explored using the panel regression model and the conclusions are as follows: (1) government subsidies, ownership concentration, and market competition deter enterprise innovation efficiency, and the impact of ownership concentration is found to be the most significant; (2) firm size and asset-liability ratio bear positively on enterprise innovation efficiency, with the effect of asset-liability ratio being greater; (3) firm age has significantly positive effects on scale efficiency but not on innovation efficiency and pure technical efficiency.
In this paper, based on chaos theory and dynamic system simulation, a dynamic model of a relational leadership system with pressure factors is established and simulated. The study found that the excessive self-leadership and the relational leadership cannot effectively improve the leadership effectiveness of leaders. In addition, with the adjustment of the self-leadership adjustment coefficient, leadership effectiveness will change from a stable state to a chaotic state. Only by adopting limited rational decision-making strategies in multicycle decision-making can leaders maintain a high level of leadership effectiveness. Previous research mainly focuses on the theoretical analysis of the complexity of the leadership system or the issuance of questionnaires, but seldom on the dynamic complex process of the leadership system. This study reveals the complexity and chaos characteristics of the dynamic evolution of the multifactor relational leadership system, puts forward the relational leadership theory and the complex leadership theory under the influence of pressure, and makes some suggestions on how to improve the leadership effectiveness under the complex environment. The research results are of great significance to theoretical innovation and practical application.
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