This research aims to evaluate some productive and technological traits for 12 olive cultivars (Olea europaea L.), to select the best of them for Propagation, and genetic improvement programs. Samples were collected from 10 introduced and 2 local cultivars, during the years 2015 and 2016, from Bouka Center in Lattakia, Syria. Cultivars were evaluated for technological and productive traits. Three trees/cultivar were analyzed. Data were subjected to ANOVA analysis.For technological traits, the fruit weight average varied between cultivars. The highest weight was found in Spanish Gordal (10.3 g) while the lowest weight was found in Algerian Chemlal cultivar (1.44g.) For stone trait, the weight average ranged between medium and very big weight. All olive cultivars showed high reflux% except Chemlal and Frantoio where they had low value.Highest value of oil percentage (26.6%) was detected in Frantoio cultivar and the lowest value was in Gordal cultivar (13.4%).Concerning the productive traits, the highest tree production of fruits was in Tanche (36.67kg/tree) and the lowest one was in Trilia cultivar (1.67 kg/tree). Picholine, Coratina, Frantoio and Khdairi cultivars showed stable yield between years while alternate bearing phenomenon was more obvious in the rest of cultivars.
This research aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of 23 olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars (13 local and 10 Introduced) to olive leaf spot (peacock eye) disease caused by Spilocaea oleagina, in order to select the highest tolerant cultivars for olive breeding and genetic improvement programs. This research was carried out on 2016 In Bouka Center for Research and Plant Production, Lattakia, Syria. Three trees of each cultivar were selected and 100 young leaves/tree, not showing any disease symptom, were collected and tested by 5% NaOH treatment. Latent and severity infection of olive leaf spot were estimated. The results were subjected to ANOVA analysis at a significant level of 5%.Percentage of infected leaves varied between analyzed cultivars, the highest percentage of infection (92.67%) was detected in Dermlali cultivar while the lowest one (4%) was revealed in Zorzalina. The maximum percentage of infection severity (67.25%) was shown in Abo-Satl cultivar while the minimum value (1.17%) was found in the Spanish Zorzalina and Gordal cultivars Based on tolerance level against Spilocaea oleagina, the cultivars were divided into five groups. The first group was classified as very tolerant and was represented by Zorzalina, Chemlal, Gordal, and Picholine cultivars, followed by tolerant (Jlot and Coratina), moderately tolerant (Frantoio cultivar), susceptible (Khdairi, Hmaisi, Klkali, Mnaikiri, Dan, Mosaabi, Konservolia and Tanche) and very susceptible (Mhati, Dermlali, Sorani, Doaibli, Abo Satl, Kaisy, and Trilia). No full resistance was detected in any of the analyzed cultivars.
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