Background: Diaphragmatic hernia is an emerging threat in dairy animals due to accidental ingestion of potential foreign body via feed or fodder leads to traumatic reticulo pericarditis and net results into loss of milk production. Loss of milk production due to diaphragmatic hernia in dairy animals is worrying situation among the milkman and it needs to be addressed in early stage. Considering the livelihood of poor to marginal farmers on dairy animals, the present study aimed to evaluate the clinico-haematological changes and surgical management of diaphragmatic hernia in cattle and buffalo. Methods: The present retrospective study was carried in thirty two clinical cases of diaphragmatic hernia in cattle (17) and buffaloes (15) presented to teaching veterinary clinical complex from the rural area irrespective breeds, age and no. of lactation of animals. Result: The incidence was higher in recently parturited followed by advanced pregnant animals aged between 3.5-14 years (7.109±0.406) with duration of illness ranged between 4-35 days (16.563±1.627). All animals showed recurrent tympany, suspended rumination, constipation, neutrophilia, alkaline ruminal pH, lymphopenia and increased level of muscle enzymes and non-responsive to medicinal therapy. Plain radiography of thoraco-abdominal region showed break in continuity of diaphragmatic line and herniation of reticulum into thoracic cavity. All animals were subjected to surgical correction of diaphragmatic hernia under isoflurane general anaesthesia. Out of 32, 27 animals were recovered uneventfully and remaining five animals were succumbed during surgical repair of hernia due to cardiovascular failure. The present study concludes that, diaphragmatic hernia is common wasting disorders in dairy animals characterized by scanty faeces, recurrent tympany, neutrophilia, increased level of muscle enzymes due to chronic inflammatory changes and it can be treated successfully with herniorrhaphy under isoflurane general anaesthesia.
Background: The COVID-19 was the emerging disease caused by SARS-COV2. Efficient transmission of this disease occurs through droplets and fomites. The susceptibility of children to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and transmission of COVID-19 from children to others is a relatively unexplored area. The aim of this study was to understand the transmission dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in children. Study objectives were to estimate secondary attack rate of COVID-19 from paediatric index case during the early phase of pandemic in Pune city and to identify factors associated with transmission and development of the COVID-19 disease.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted in the month of June 2020. The sample includes 58 contacts of 11 laboratory confirmed pediatric index cases of COVID-19 from Pune municipal corporation after written informed consent. A confidential telephonic interview of parents was taken by using a prestructured questionnaire which includes socio-demographic data, family background, type of house, development of symptoms, outcome etc.Results: The mean age of primary pediatric case was 12.7±5.1 years. All of them were symptomatic. The SAR estimated was 55.2%. The factors significantly affecting SAR were comorbidity, no. of family members, type of family, overcrowding, no. of rooms, bedroom attached with toilet.Conclusions: The household SAR from paediatric patients is high and is closely associated with family size and other household characteristics. Hence, home quarantine should be advocated in smaller families with appropriate isolation facilities; more emphasis is given to co-morbid individuals.
Background: Quality patient care is controlled by various factors - degree of fulfilment of patients' needs being one of them. Lesser waiting times, empathetic doctors and availability of medications yield more satisfied patients. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 80 patients attending the OPD of a tertiary care hospital from 9 am to 1 pm, Monday to Saturday from 8th February 2021 to 8th April 2021. Consenting patients were shadowed and observed until they completed their visit. Actual waiting time, consultation time and overall visit duration were calculated. An exit interview was conducted to assess satisfaction with waiting time, infrastructure and doctor-patient interaction. Results: The mean waiting time in one visit was 59.025±39.497 minutes. The mean consultation time with the doctor was 6.925±7.688 minutes. Statistical analysis showed that patients with lesser waiting time were significantly more satisfied with hospital services (p=0.004). Males were significantly more satisfied than females (p=0.02). Domains of dissatisfaction were waiting time at the registration desk, outside the OPD, seating arrangement, cleanliness and availability of medications. Doctor-patient interaction and consultation time were rated highly. Conclusions: The results showed that significant changes are required in the queueing system and hospital infrastructure. The positive response received in case of doctor-patient interaction is a step in the right direction. Regular surveys can help us rectify oversights in the present healthcare system.
Simple bone cysts are benign bone lesions commonly found in children and adolescents. They are usually asymptomatic and are incidentally detected on imaging studies. However, in rare cases, simple bone cysts can grow to a large size and cause symptoms such as pain and functional limitations. We present a case report of a large peritrochanteric simple bone cyst in an adolescent male who presented with hip pain and difficulty in walking. The diagnosis was confirmed by radiographic findings and histopathological examination of the cyst. The patient was managed with curettage and auto allo bone grafting with fibular strut and supplementary plate fixation. Patient had a favourable outcome with complete resolution of symptoms at 18-month follow-up. Our case report highlights the need of fixation for large simple bone cyst in proximal femur region along with curettage and bone grafting.
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