Adverse cardiac remodeling may lead to the development and progression of heart failure, which is lack of effective clinical treatment. Ginsenoside Rg1 (GRg1), a primary ingredient of Panax ginseng, protects against diverse cardiovascular disease, but its effects on cardiac remodeling remain unclear. Thus, we investigated the protective effect and mechanism of GRg1 on cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction. GRg1 significantly ameliorated cardiac remodeling in mice with left anterior descending coronary artery ligation, reflected by reduced left ventricular dilation and decreased cardiac fibrosis, accompanied by improved cardiac function. Mechanistically, GRg1 considerably increased mitophagosomes formation, ameliorated cardiac mitochondria damage, and enhanced SIRT1/PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy during cardiac remodeling. Consistently, GRg1 increased cell viability and attenuated apoptosis and fibrotic responses in H 2 O 2 -treated H9c2 cells by promoting the SIRT1/PINK1/Parkin axis. Furthermore, SIRT1-specific inhibitor (EX527) or the use of small interfering RNA against Parkin abolished the protective effect of GRg1 in vitro. These findings reveal a novel mechanism of GRg1 alleviating cardiac remodeling via enhancing SIRT1/PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy.
Background: Aortic valve disease is a common complication of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support. Optimizing the outflow graft anastomotic type of LVADs might be an alternative that can reduce this complication. However, the effect of this type of LVAD on the biomechanical states of the aortic valve remains unclear.Methods: In this study, a finite element-smoothed particle hydrodynamics-coupled model was established. Two kinds of anastomotic types (concentric and eccentric graft cases) were designed.Results: The anastomotic type could significantly affect the biomechanical states of the aortic valve. During the opening phase, the motion, deformation, and biomechanical states of the leaflet in both cases were similar to each other. The axial hemodynamic force (AHF) imposed on the leaflet in the eccentric graft case (0.9 N) was slightly larger than that in the concentric graft case (0.3 N). During the closing phase, the rapid closing time of the leaflet in the eccentric graft case (40 ms) was longer than that in the concentric graft case (15 ms). In addition, the peak value of the AHF in the concentric graft case was much larger (13 N) than that in the eccentric graft case (4.5 N). The oscillation of the AHF was observed only in the concentric graft case.Conclusions: The eccentric graft could lead to better biomechanical and hemodynamic states of the aortic valve than the concentric graft.
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