BackgroundNecroptosis is associated with the development of many tumors but in bladder cancer the tumor microenvironment (TME) and prognosis associated with necroptosis is unclear.MethodsWe classified patients into different necroptosis subtypes by the expression level of NRGS (necroptosis-related genes) and analyzed the relationship between necroptosis subtypes of bladder cancer and TME, then extracted differentially expressed genes (DEGS) of necroptosis subtypes, classified patients into different gene subtypes according to DEGS, and performed univariate COX analysis on DEGS to obtain prognosis-related DEGS. All patients included in the analysis were randomized into the Train and Test groups in a 1:1 ratio, and the prognostic model was obtained using the LASSO algorithm and multivariate COX analysis with the Train group as the sample, and external validation of the model was conducted using the GSE32894.ResultsTwo necroptosis subtypes and three gene subtypes were obtained by clustering analysis and the prognosis-related DEGS was subjected to the LASSO algorithm and multivariate COX analysis to determine six predictors to construct the prognostic model using the formula: riskScore = CERCAM × 0.0035 + POLR1H × −0.0294 + KCNJ15 × −0.0172 + GSDMB × −0.0109 + EHBP1 × 0.0295 + TRIM38 × −0.0300. The results of the survival curve, roc curve, and risk curve proved the reliability of the prognostic model by validating the model with the test group and the results of the calibration chart of the Nomogram applicable to the clinic also showed its good accuracy. Necroptosis subtype A with high immune infiltration had a higher risk score than necroptosis subtype B, gene subtype B with low immune infiltration had a lower risk score than gene subtypes A and C, CSC index was negatively correlated with the risk score and drug sensitivity prediction showed that commonly used chemotherapeutic agents were highly sensitive to the high-risk group.ConclusionOur analysis of NRGS in bladder cancer reveals their potential role in TME, immunity, and prognosis. These findings may improve our understanding of necroptosis in bladder cancer and provide some reference for predicting prognosis and developing immunotherapies.
BackgroundInflammatory pseudotumors that grow on the omentum are relatively rare, and inflammatory pseudotumor most often involves the lung. As far as we know, the inflammatory pseudotumor of omentum, which is in the shape of beaded vesicles and contains gas, has never been reported in the literature. Case presentationwe report a 45-year-old Chinese woman who complained of epigastric pain with hematemesis for 9 hours, physical examination showed subxiphoid tenderness, previous history of gastric ulcer and repair of gastric perforation, laboratory examination showed slight increase of white blood cells and decrease of hemoglobin. Computed tomography showed dotted free gas in the abdominal cavity, and the perforation of the hollow organs was considered. The pathological results after emergency operation showed that histiocyte aggregation with multinucleated giant cell reaction could be seen in the omental tissue. Immunohistochemistry :ER (-), PR (-), PAX-8 (-), CK (mesothelial+), MC (mesothelial+), CR (mesothelial+), CD68 (histiocyte+), SMA (smooth muscle+). The abdominal pain was relieved after surgical resection of the tumor, and recovered well after symptomatic treatment.ConclusionInflammatory pseudotumor of omentum containing gas is easily diagnosed as perforation of hollow organs, with few clinical manifestations of acute abdomen, mostly non-specific, and a good prognosis. Understanding its clinicopathological features and pathological examination methods are helpful to diagnose the disease, so as to choose an appropriate treatment plan, and whether surgical treatment is better than conservative treatment remains to be further studied. The disease should be distinguished from perforation of hollow organs, but the source of gas is unknown. It may have something to do with past medical history.
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