T Perovskite solar cells are becoming a dominant alternative for the traditional solar cells reaching an efficiency of 25.2% in a short span of twelve years (2008-2020). Here, we are going to describe a simple process to 'put a voice on a laser beam' and transmit it over a distance via a perovskite solar cell. This process considered as a fascinating example of amplitude modulation of light using sound vibrations. Therefore, the design and simulation of the perovskite solar cell will be described in details in this work. This design is concerned about the lead-free based perovskite solar cell model with the total proposed structure “Metal contact /PEDOT:PSS/ CH3NH3SnI3/ ZnO/ SnO2:F/ Metal contact”. To study the efficiency and the performances of a solar cell, the use of well-known software so-called SCAPS-1D is undertaken to perform the system simulation. The obtained results show also the influence of the doping level of the HTM layer and absorber layer thickness on the performance of the device. So far, only the simulation part has been validated. Despite the costeffect of the system prototype, however, it could be implemented here in the laboratory as perspective work.
Breaking the DC fault in HVDC grid is the greatest challenge for DC grid protection system. Although there are many scientific researches investigating the high voltage DC breakers, yet, there is still always a trade-off between the interruption time and the breaking capability. Therefore, combining between the superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) technology with a fast DC circuit breaker could bring a solution to this limitation. In this work, an accurate model of resistive-type SFCL (r-SFCL) considering the electro-thermal behaviour, is proposed to be placed in series with ABB proactive hybrid DC circuit breaker (PHCB). To test the viability of the system, a pole-to-pole DC fault scenario was imposed in a HVDC grid. The numerical analysis was undertaken with (EMTP-RV®) software, while the simulation results show how effectively the SFCL can reduce the fault current below the maximum breaking capability. Also, it is concluded that there is a positive interaction between the r-SFCL and PHCB.
Multi-terminal DC network (MTDC) offers great potential for long distance huge power delivery with multi-direction power transmission capability. However, the key obstacle in a realization of MTDC is the lack of existing commercial protection device can withstand the DC fault that rises rapidly and surge tenfold within several milliseconds over the whole system. The new technology called Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) could bring a solution to the main bottleneck of the MTDC networks. In this work, an electro-thermal model of resistive type SFCL in series with a hybrid DC circuit breaker is proposed to protect a five terminal MTDC network. The numerical analysis carried out using (EMTP-RV®) software, and the simulation results show how effectively the SFCL can reduce the fault current and increase the breaking capability. Moreover, system stability is remarkably improved.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.