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The article discusses the concept of an electronic system for ensuring the quality of anti-icing processing of sidewalks and other elements of road construction. The object of research is the quality of particle distribution of anti-icing material. In particular, such quality indicators as the width of the processing band, the density of distribution of the material over the coating and the degree of lateral deformation of the processing zone are considered. The subject of the research is the general principle of the control system for the numerical values of the distribution quality indicators. Such a system is based on mathematical models of the movement of individual particles of a material along a flat rotating disk and in air. The original mathematical basis was developed by the authors of the article, taking into account the analytical equations of motion of a particle on a rotating horizontal disk obtained earlier by other researchers and using Newton’s second law. The article describes the algorithm for the functioning of the distribution quality control system, which takes into account geometric, regime and meteorological parameters. The system is designed to work with a symmetrical way of feeding material from the tray to the disc. In addition, the physicochemical properties of the particles of anti-icing material and numerical quality criteria are taken into account, such as the required width of the processing strip, the rate of density of distribution (consumption) of the material and the maximum permissible degree of lateral deformation of the processing zone. The block diagram of the system is presented. As a result of the operation of the proposed system, it becomes possible to change the values of the operating parameters of the equipment in the process of material distribution, providing the required values of quality indicators. Thus, the negative impact on the ecological environment of the city will be reduced and the economic efficiency of anti-icing processing of sidewalks will be increased.

The article touches upon one of the most important problems associated with the winter maintenance of road construction elements (sidewalks, footpaths), namely, winter street injuries of pedestrians. As one of the possible solutions to this problem, a disk distributor with a symmetrical method of supplying solid anti-icing material to the disk is proposed for operation, which provides a better distribution compared to the traditional asymmetric method of supply. It is assumed that this equipment will be installed on the base machine – a typical distributor of anti-icing materials along the carriageway. The article carried out a comparative technical and economic analysis and evaluation of the technical and economic indicators of the operation of machines in order to select the most effective combination of machines for de-icing the roadway and sidewalks. Six models of machines were selected for analysis, similar in their technical characteristics to real machines used for the distribution of solid anti-icing materials. As a criterion for the efficiency of operation, the cost of production of work, the annual volume of work and operational shift productivity were chosen. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the operation of combinations of machines, including a disk distributor with a symmetrical feed method, will allow achieving higher technical and economic indicators due to a slight increase in the cost of production of anti-icing coatings.

From the theory of aerohydrodynamics it is known that the design of hydraulic nozzles and the modes of their operation determine the nature of the distribution of droplets in space and the efficiency of the process. The subject of the research is the characteristics of the distribution quality of the liquid reagent, namely, the speed of dropping of droplets from the disk and the radius of the treatment zone formed by flying droplets on the coating. The question of the dispersion of the spray torch of a low-viscosity liquid, its role in the formation of the basic kinematic characteristics of moving drops, is considered. The article provides a numerical calculation and analysis of the effect of the dispersion of droplets of a distributed liquid (reagent) on the rate of dropping of droplets from a rotating disk and on the radius of the coating treatment zone. For research, two values of nozzle nozzle openings and a wide range of variation in the diameters of reagent droplets were selected. Based on the mathematical models previously developed by the authors of the process of dropping droplets from the nozzle and the movement of droplets in the air, implemented as part of a software product, the velocity of dropping of droplets from the nozzle nozzle and the rate of dropping of droplets from the disk at a given pressure were calculated. A cycle of calculations of the radius of the coating treatment zone was carried out with varying work and geometric characteristics of hydraulic equipment, providing high-quality and cost-effective implementation of the anti-icing reagent distribution process.

The article considers distribution of liquid deicing reagents over aerodrome pavement. The deformation of the treatment zone contributing to the formation of unevenness of distribution under different environmental parameters (air temperature, wind speed and direction) is estimated. The research is based on the developed mathematical models of the reagent droplet movements over the distribution disk and in the air. The dependence of overlapping the two zones and the width of the untreated zone on the wind speed and direction is derived. The process of reagent distribution at different ambient temperatures and varying height of disks above the pavement is simulated. Estimation of quality indicators of anti-icing treatment for the temperature range from 0 to --15 °C is given on the basis of the obtained results. The practical value of the obtained results lies in the possibility of their application in the development of operational methods to ensure the quality of distribution of liquid chemicals under changing environmental conditions.