High-spin states in 139 Pm are investigated via the 116 Cd( 27 Al, 4n) 139 Pm fusion-evaporation reaction at a beam energy of 120 MeV. The previously reported level scheme has been modified because of identifications of some linking and doublet transitions. The revised yrast πh 11/2 band obviously undergoes πh 11/2 → π (h 11/2 ) 3 → π (h 11/2 ) 3 ⊗ν(h 11/2 ) −2 band crossings athω = 0.45 and 0.39 MeV. Two negative-parity dipole bands have been assigned as πh 11/2 ⊗ν(h 11/2 ) −2 and πh 11/2 ⊗ν(h 11/2 ) −4 configurations, respectively, and can be considered as examples of magnetic rotational bands.

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Measurements of complete and incomplete fusion cross sections for 6 Li+ 154 Sm have been performed at energies above the Coulomb barrier by the online γ -ray method, to investigate the effect of breakup and inelastic couplings on the complete fusion (CF) of this weakly bound system. We show that inelastic excitation couplings have non-negligible effects, when compared with the breakup effect, for deformed nuclei at energies very close to the Coulomb barrier. The average CF suppression corresponding to dynamic breakup effects was found to be around 35%. The total fusion cross section is not affected by the breakup coupling. A comparison between the 6 Li-induced CF suppression for three different samarium isotopes shows that the breakup effect is larger for the more spherical isotope.

Shaoxing rice wine (also called Shaoxing wine) is the most well-known Chinese rice wine in China. The common fraudulent practice in the commercialization of Chinese rice wine is to sell wines from different geographical origins under the denomination of Shaoxing rice wine. In this study, the use of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics as a rapid tool for the discrimination of Chinese rice wine from three geographical origins ("Fujian", "non-Shaoxing", "Shaoxing") has been preliminarily investigated. NIR spectra were collected in transmission mode in the wavelength range of 800-2,500 nm. Discriminant models were developed by principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant analysis (DA), and discriminant partial least-squares analysis (DPLS). The chemical properties of Chinese rice wine were also investigated to find out the difference between samples from three varied origins. The results showed that good classification could be obtained after spectral pre-treatment. The percentage of samples correctly classified by both DA and DPLS methods in calibration and validation set was 97.2% and 100%, respectively. The results demonstrated that NIR could be used as a simple and rapid technique to distinguish Shaoxing wines from non-Shaoxing wines and Fujian wines. To further validate the ability of NIR spectroscopy, more samples should be incorporated to build a more robust model.

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Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) is one of the components of the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS), which are good examples of evolutionary adapted socio-ecosystems in human history. The Hani Rice Terraces System, located in China's southwestern Yunnan Province, is a living example of GIAHS. The Hani Rice Terraces system has existed for more than one thousand years, following TEK related to cultivation and natural resources management, which was collected and practiced continually. Over this long time period, TEK has enabled the Hani people to manage their terraces and other natural resources in a sustainable way. This paper concentrates on the TEK transferring in the current Hani community, taking a small village, Mitian, as an example. Grouping the interviewees into three different age groups (young group, OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2014, 6 4498 0-30 years old; middle-age group, 31-50 years old; old group > 50 years old), we investigated their understanding and participation in 13 items of TEK in relation to rice cultivation and water utilization. The items of TEK were divided into four categories, namely "Festivals", "Beliefs", "Folk Songs", and "Water Management". From the data collected, it was learned that all the items of TEK are well known, but not necessarily practiced. Age and gender have significant influences on farmers' understanding and participation in TEK. Our analysis suggested that both the knowledge and the practice showed declining trends from the older to the younger age group. Men and women behave differently in practices. In general, it is shown that TEK is declining in the Hani villages which will affect the rice terrace system in ways that are yet unknown. It is likely that a blended TEK, with old and new knowledge and practices, will emerge to sustain the upland rice terrace systems of Yunnan.