Photocatalysis provides a sustainable route to convert N 2 to NH 3 with the aid of a photogenerated electron. Beyond the typical issue in the photocatalytic field, NH 3 synthesis requires adsorption, activation, and hydrogenation of N 2 . In this report, Ni-doped TiO 2 (Ni-x-TiO 2 ) photocatalysts were fabricated by a simple sol−gel method to introduce the oxygen defects and Ni site on TiO 2 . The oxygen vacancy (Vo) enhances the adsorption of N 2 on the catalyst surface. The Ni doping induced a defect energy level below the conduction band, which prefers to accept the photogenerated electron. The electron captured by Vo tends to transfer to the adsorbed N 2 and activate N 2 . On the other hand, the Ni site is a typical H 2 production site. It provides enough H 2 for the hydrogenation of N 2 to form NH 3 . To sum up all of these advantages, Ni-doped TiO 2 displays a high NH 3 production rate of 46.80 μmol•g −1 •h −1 which is about 7 times higher than that of pure TiO 2 . This manuscript provides a potential method to design a highly efficient photocatalyst for the NH 3 synthesis.

The abundance of Calanus sinicus eggs, nauplii, copepodites and adults and chlorophyll a (Chl‐a) concentration were studied across tidal fronts in October 2000, and May and June 2001 in the Yellow Sea, China. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of tidal fronts in the ecology of C. sinicus. The hydrographic tidal fronts were identified by the horizontal temperature gradient in the bottom layer and the temperature profiles across the fronts. The survey results showed that the concentration of Chl‐a was high in the vicinity of the fronts, particularly in spring and early summer. The abundance of C. sinicus eggs and nauplii was usually higher in the tidal fronts than in the adjacent areas. In May and June 2001, the abundance of copepodites and adults of C. sinicus peaked in the tidal front. In June 2001 and October 2000, many copepodites and adults were found in stratified region.

The formation and dissipation of electrostatic shock waves: the role of ion-ion acoustic instabilities Wen-shuai Zhang et al T h e o p e n -a c c e s s j o u r n a l f o r p h y s i c s New Journal of PhysicsCollisionless shockwaves formed by counter-streaming laser-produced plasmas Abstract. The interaction between two counter-streaming laser-produced plasmas is investigated using the high-power Shenguang II laser facility. The shockwaves observed in our experiment are believed to be excited by collisionless mechanisms. The dimensionless parameters calculated with the results suggest that it is possible to scale the observation to the supernova remnants using transformation and similarity criteria.