The Local Cluster Substructure Survey (LoCuSS, Smith et al.) is a systematic multi-wavelength survey of more than 100 X-ray luminous galaxy clusters in the redshift range 0.14−0.3 selected from the ROSAT All Sky Survey. We used data on 37 LoCuSS clusters from the XMM-Newton archive to investigate the global scaling relations of galaxy clusters. The scaling relations based solely on the X-ray data (and L−M) obey empirical self-similarity and reveal no additional evolution beyond the large-scale structure growth. They also reveal up to 17 per cent segregation between all 37 clusters and non-cool core clusters. Weak lensing mass measurements are also available in the literature for 19 of the clusters with XMM-Newton data. The average of the weak lensing mass to X-ray based mass ratio is 1.09 ± 0.08, setting the limit of the non-thermal pressure support to 9 ± 8 per cent. The mean of the weak lensing mass to X-ray based mass ratio of these clusters is ∼1, indicating good agreement between X-ray and weak lensing masses for most clusters, although with 31−51 per cent scatter. The scatter in the mass-observable relations (M−Y X , M−M gas , and M−T ) is smaller using X-ray based masses than using weak lensing masses by a factor of 2. With the scaled radius defined by the Y X profile -r Y X ,X 500 , r Y X ,wl 500 , and r Y X ,si 500, we obtain lower scatter in the weak lensing mass based mass-observable relations, which means the origin of the scatter is M wl and M X instead of Y X . The normalization of the M−Y X relation using X-ray mass estimates is lower than the one from simulations by up to 18-24 per cent at 3σ significance. This agrees with the M−Y X relation based on weak lensing masses, the normalization of the latter being ∼20 per cent lower than the one from simulations at ∼2σ significance. This difference between observations and simulations is also indicated in the M−M gas and M−T relations. Despite the large scatter in the comparison of X-ray to lensing, the agreement between these two completely independent observational methods is an important step towards controlling astrophysical and measurement systematics in cosmological scaling relations.