The dynamic expression of genes for oil and protein contents of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) was carried out with time-dependent measures by using the developmental genetic models for quantitative traits in diploid plant. The unconditional and conditional analysis showed that the accumulated genetic effects or net genetic effects from diploid embryo nuclear genes, cytoplasmic genes and diploid maternal plant nuclear genes were all important for the performance of both nutrient quality traits at most developmental times/stages. Results from the conditional analysis further revealed that the activation of quantitative genes was gradually carried through the developmental process with maternal genes playing more active role at most developmental stages. Additive effects from embryo and maternal plant were found more important than the dominant effects at most developmental times/stages for both traits, and especially for protein content of rapeseed. Heritability analysis confirmed that the maternal heritability for protein contents were considerably stronger throughout developmental period except for the developmental time at 22 days, while for oil content the heritability components were dynamic and time dependent. The differences of genetic relationships from various genetic systems were found for oil and protein contents among the developmental times or between the two quality traits.
The transverse-flux linear switched-flux permanent magnet machine (TFLSFPMM) is investigated by 3D finite element analysis (FEA) in this paper. The topology of the machine is introduced first of all, as well as the machine operation principle. In order to improve the thrust force performance of the machine, two aspects are analyzed, respectively. One is the average thrust force, which is maximized by optimizing the mover stack length and the stator pole stack length. Not only does the average thrust force increase, but the force ripple slightly decreases as well. The other side is further lowering the force ripple. The segment group shift method is introduced and employed. After using this method, the force ripple has been reduced to an acceptable value, though the average thrust force will be slightly reduced. The analysis is the guidance for better understanding this novel machine.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.