Amentoflavone has been isolated from the leaves of Selaginella rupestris SPRING (Selaginellacae). This biflavonoid was tested for its activity on central nervous system, smooth muscles and isolated frog heart preparations. It was observed that amentoflavone did not have any effect on central nervous system of rats and mice, but it had antispasmodic effect on isolated guinea pig ileum. Amentoflavone had also increased significantly the contractility of both normodynamic and hypodynamic frog hearts.
Heliotrine has been isolated as major alkaloid from the seeds of Heliotropium indicum. This is the first report of the isolation of heliotrine from H. mdicum seeds, Heliotrine was found to possess ganglion blocking activity.Acute toxicity and CNS effects:Acute toxicity Acute toxicity (24 hr. mortality) was studied by injecting graded doses of the test drug (100,200,300,400 and 500 mg/kg) intraperitoneally (i.p.) in groups (10 per each) of albino mice of either sex (15-30 g) and the LD 50 was calculated according to the method of Miller and Tainter [6].
AbstractHeliotrine has been isolated as major alkaloid from the seeds of Heliotropium indicum. This is the first report of the isolation of heliotrine from H. indicum seeds. Heliotrine was found to possess ganglion blocking activity. lntroduction Address:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of methanol extracts of twenty plant species used in traditional Indian medicine against the clinically isolated fungi. The plants were selected on the basis of their reported ethnobotanical uses. The studies on plants of South Indian medicinal plants collected from regions of Visakhapatnam and were investigated against three clinical fungal isolates viz., Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Epidermophyton floccosum and Candida albicans using agar well diffusion method. The plant extracts were prepared using the solvent methanol. It is clear from the results that, the extract of twenty plants used in this study acts as a good source of antibiotics against various fungal pathogens tested and exhibited a broad spectrum of antifungal activity. The results of this study support the use of all the selected twenty medicinal plants to discover bioactive natural products that may serve as leads in the development of new pharmaceuticals that address unmet therapeutic needs.
The present study was conducted to evaluate the physicochemical and preliminary phytochemical studies, antimicrobial studies on sixteen medicinal plants collected in and around regions of Visakhapatnam district using methanol as a solvent. Phytochemical screening revealed that methanolic extracts, contained, steroids, alkaloids, phenol, flavonoids, polyphenols and glycosides. The physicochemical parameters like ash and extractive values were determined. The highest percentage of total ash, was found in Catharanathus roseus. The extractive values can be used as a reliable aid for detecting quality of drug adulteration. Antimicrobial efficiency of studies plants was tested against four bacterial clinical pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus vulgaris. The diameter of zone of inhibition (ZOI) was measured and it was found that C. roseus showed maximum zone of inhibition against gram+ve S. aureus and minimum zone of inhibition against gram–ve E. coli. Also the zone of inhibition was increased on increasing concentration. Results observed in the present study help to distinguish the plant extracts from its adulterants and quality and it may be indicative of the methanol extracts of studied plants could be a possible source to obtain new and effective herbal medicines to treat infections, which justify the ethnic uses of C. roseus against various infectious diseases apart from its anticancer properties.
The Plant kingdom is a storehouse of potential drugs. Plant derived medicines have made large contributions to human health and well-being. They play dual role in the development of new drugs. At first they act as a natural blueprint for the development of new drugs and secondly they can be used for the treatment of infectious diseases. Many evidences gathered from earlier studies which confirmed that the presence of variety of phytochemicals in plants contribute medicinal properties. In this present review, an attempt has been made to give an overview of few south Indian medicinal plants and their phytochemicals which are useful in the treatment of several infectious diseases.
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