A new species of Antiarchi, Bothriolepis sinensis Chi (sp. Nov.), was discovered from the Upper (?) Devonian purple shale of Nanmuchung, near Tiaomachien, southeast of the city of Changsha in central Hunan. Besides a detailed palæontological description of the fish, discussions on its stratigraphical position, and on the age of the fossil plants collected from beds eight meters below the Bothriolepis‐bed are given. This is the first Devonian Antiarch definitely recorded from the continent of Asia (vide P.S. on p.71).
Previous studies of Archæocyathina from the Gorge District of the Yangtze and other parts of China are briefly reviewed. Nine species of Archæocyathina, belonging to four different genera and two families arc described and illustrated, of which only two species are new. The presence of Cambrocyathus (=“Archaeocyathus”), Archæocyathus (=“Spirocyathus”), Retecyathus and Protopharetra known from Siberia, Sardinia and Australia is reported for the first time. Stratigraphical position and distribution of the Archæocyathina beds in Hupch, Szechuan and Kweichow are discussed. Special consideration is given to the. so‐called “Ichang limestone” of Cambrian age. The age of the Archæocyathina beds in central China is referable to the Lower Cambrian.
The Shuangtsüan Series is a new name used for a subdivision of rocks comprising, in general, sandstones, shales, conglomerates and sometimes shales with a thin bad coal seam, with a total thickness of about 150–200 meters. The fine green and purple colors of the sandstone and shale in alteration, and variegated thin conglomerates, the frequent diabase intrusion in this series which cause the rocks of this series subjected to metamorphism, are the most characteristic features. Fossil plants collected from the shales near die coal seam at the middle part comprise the species: Psygmophyllum multipartitum Halle, Pecopteris (Asterotheca) orientalis (Schenk) Potonie, Peconteris lativenosa Halle, Newropteridium coreanicam Koiwai, Nephropsis cf. integerrima (Schmalhausen). Taeniospteris spatulata (McClelland), Nilssonia cf. simplex Oishi, cf. Danœopsis hughesi Feistm,? Albertia sp. nov., Lobatannularia heianensis (Kodaira) and Podozamites distans? (Presl.) According to the above mentioned flora, it is most probable that the Shuangtsiian Series is Lower Triassic in age. This series is sometimes overlain by the Mentoukou Coal Series or unconformably overlain by the Kiulungshan Series, and in several places it even becomes very thin or wanting, making the Hungmiaoling Sandstone directly overlain by the Mentoukou Coal Series or sometimes by the Kiulungshan Series.
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