Recently, with the development of more powerful and accurate computational tools, the inclusion of new didactic materials in the classroom is known to have increased. However, the form in which these materials can be used to enhance the learning process is still under debate. Many different methodologies have been suggested for constructing new relevant curricular material and, among them, just-in-time teaching (JiTT) has arisen as an effective and successful way to improve the content of classes. In this paper, we will show the implemented pedagogic strategies for the courses of geometrical and optical physics for students of optometry. Thus, the use of the GeoGebra software for the geometrical optics class and the employment of new in-house software for the physical optics class created using the high-level programming language Python is shown with the corresponding activities developed for each of these applets.
Ray diagrams offer a powerful framework for understanding and characterizing many properties of optical systems, such as images and magnifications. However, this construction also introduces many conceptual hurdles for students. The idea of representing the propagation of waves by means of a light ray, which is a line or curve perpendicular to the wavefront, is the main cause of conceptual problems. Likewise, the geometrical optic constructions require a deep understanding of trigonometrical relations, which make the study of optical objects a hard subject. Nowadays, these conceptual problems can be overcome using applets in the presentation of lesson content. Therefore, we propose to create and include new curricular material using GeoGebra software. This approach allows us to construct step by step the optical properties of different objects such as mirrors and lenses.
Corrections of gradient errors in the interactions regions (IRs) of high energy colliders have traditionally been made by changing the strengths of quadrupoles that are common to both beams, such as the triplet quadrupoles. This article shows that magnetic errors in the IR quadrupoles that are no common to both beams, such as the matching quadrupoles, can have an important influence and, therefore, the correction should also include these quadrupoles. A correction based on twelve IR quadrupoles (common and no common) is presented and validated through MADX simulations. To estimate the strengths of this correction, the action and phase in the inter-triplet space, the space that separates the two triplets of the IR, are required. A novel method to estimate these quantities is also presented. The main sources of uncertainties in this novel method are identified and compared to the current method that uses two beam position monitor within the inter-triplet space. Finally, LHC experimental data is used to estimate the strengths of a twelve-quadrupole correction in the interaction region 1 of the LHC. The resulting correction is compared with a six-quadrupole correction estimated with another method called segment-by-segment (SBS).
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