Development of foam materials for cryogenically cooled fuel targets is described in this paper. The fabrication development was initiated as a part of the fast ignition realization experiment (FIREX) project at the ILE, Osaka University under a bilateral collaboration between Osaka University and National Institute for Fusion Science (NIFS). For the first stage of FIREX (FIREX-I), a foam cryogenic target was designed in which low-density foam shells with a conical light guide will be fuelled through a narrow pipe and will be cooled down to the cryogenic temperature. Acrylic polymer, resorcinol–formaldehyde (RF) resin, poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) (PMP), and polystyrene-based crosslinking polymer have been investigated as supporting materials for cryogenic fuel. The properties of the material and the present status of the material development are summarized.
We report a 51-year old male with herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) showing unusual
progression and magnetic resonance (MR) findings. The initial neurological manifestation of
intractable focal seizure with low-grade fever persisted for three days, and rapidly coma,
myoclonic status, and respiratory failure with high-grade fever emerged thereafter. The
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was positive for HSV-1 DNA.
In the early stage, MR images (MRI) were normal. On subsequent MR diffusion-weighted (DW) and
fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images, high-intensity areas first appeared in the
left frontal cortex, which was purely extra-temporal involvement, and extended into the basal
ganglia, then the white matter, which are relatively spared in HSE. Antiviral therapy and
immunosuppressive therapy did not suppress the progression of HSE, and finally severe cerebral
edema developed into cerebral herniation, which required emergency decompressive craniectomy.
Histological examination of a biopsy specimen of the white matter detected perivascular
infiltration and destruction of basic structure, which confirmed non specific inflammatory
change without obvious edema or demyelination. The present case shows both MR and pathological
findings in the white matter in the acute stage of HSE.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.