Women are an important segment of the human population and appropriate investment in their welfare would be of great benefit to the individual, household, and community levels. There has been an increasing incidence of welfare deprivation among women in rural Nigeria. However, information on the link between asset ownership and welfare deprivation of women in rural Nigeria is scanty. Thus, the relationship between the level of asset ownership and welfare deprivation of women in rural Nigeria was investigated. Data on 18,869 women living in rural Nigeria were sourced from Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2013. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics, composite score analysis, fuzzy analysis and Instrumental Variable(IV) Tobit Regression at α0.05. A higher proportion of the rural women-owned physical assets such as mobile phone (68.7%) and radio (63.5%), while only 5.9% owned natural asset (land). Women in low-LAO, intermediate-LAO and high-LAO were 20.3%, 63.8% and 15.9%, respectively. Level of asset ownership (β=-0.31), age (β=-0.01), being a widow (β=0.04), being a female household head (β=-0.08), and Geo-Political Zone (North-East, β=0.04; South-East, β=-0.05; South-West, β=-0.07) explained welfare deprivation of women. A unit increase in the level of asset ownership led to 30.8% decrease in welfare deprivation. An increase in the level of asset ownership decreased welfare deprivation. Asset ownership had a positive influence on women’s welfare deprivation.
This study examines the origin of kola-nuts trade and the indispensability of kola-nut trade in West Africa. Desk research was carried out using past published literature. The study established the fact that kola nut production was indigenous to the West Africa Forest and pinpointed the actual origin of kola-nut especially Cola nitida to be along the western coast of Africa from Sierra Leone to the republic of Benin. On the other hand, the areas of Ijare and Idanre in Ondo State of Nigeria are currently believed to be the places where Cola acumunata originated. The dominant variety of kola-nut grown in Western and Eastern parts of Nigeria was cola acumunata and Cola verticillata. However, in terms of production, before the 19th century the production of cola nitida was limited to the forests west of the Volta River in Ghana. Both linguistic and ethnographic data were used to trace the origin of kola-nut and developed a chronology with regard to the origins and trade routes for kola-nuts. The research work however established the importance of kola-nut production and trade to the economies of West Africa countries where they are produced and traded. It was however recommended that considering the indispensability of kola-nut trade to West Africa particularly Nigeria, the government should take proactive steps to increase the scope of production and trade of this crop in order to improve the livelihoods of kola-nuts farmers and traders as well as increase it contributions to the national economy.
Tea (camellia sinensis) is a drink widely accepted globally. The market of tea has grown significantly over the years. It is forecast to reach 6.77 billion USD in 2025). There is plenty evidence that regularly drinking tea can have a lasting impact on wellness. Both green and black teas are packed with antioxidants which help to build antibodies. There is however, little information documented on the level of tea consumption. This study therefore empirically investigated the level of tea consumption as well as assess global tea consumption from 2012-2025. The study was carried out in the South west geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Information was obtained from the respondents using well structured questionnaire. For this study one hundred and forty-six respondent’s information was used for analysis. Descriptive analysis, composite score analysis and linear regression analytical techniques were the analytical tools used in the study. Forty-nine percent of tea consumers have secondary education, a mean household size of four persons. They take tea about three times a week and consume an average of three sachets per week. Seventy-four percent of tea consumers reside in rural areas. Fifteen percent of the respondents are in the high category of tea consumption. The factors that influence tea consumption are gender (p≤0.1), household size (p≤0.05), place of residence (p≤0.1), brand of tea(p≤0.01) and number of sachet of tea consumed per week(p≤0.01). Respondents consume tea in South West Nigeria however their level of consumption is still low. There is a need to sensitize the populace in South West Nigeria on the health benefits of tea. This will in turn grow tea business (companies and farmers).
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