The effects of austempering on the microstructures and mechanical performances of cast high carbon silicon and manganese steel (HC-SMS) containing 1.0 wt.%C-2.5 wt.%Si-1.5 wt.%Mn-1.0 wt.%Cr-0.5 wt.%Cu were studied. The test results show a plate-like morphology of bainitic ferrite. Each plate of the ferrite is surrounded by a thin layer of retained austenite when the austempering temperature is low, whereas large blocky areas of retained austenite are observed when the temperature is higher. The amount of retained austenite in the bainitic structure increases with increasing isothermal quenching temperature. Austempering results in a significant improvement in the mechanical performances of HCSMS. The main effect of the austempering temperature on the mechanical performances is that hardness and strength are decreased and elongation, impact toughness and fracture toughness are increased with increasing temperature. Cast HCSMS has excellent comprehensive mechanical performance when austenized at 593K.
The microstructure, tensile and impact behaviour of high-carbon Si-Cr cast steel containing rare earth (RE) and titanium have been determined after austempering. The additions of RE and titanium refined the primary austenite grain size resulting in improving toughness. The addition of silicon handicapped the formation of carbide and carbide-free bainitic ferrite and carbon enriched retained austenite could be obtained in the austempering structures of high-carbon Si-Cr cast steel, which had excellent mechanical properties and abrasion resistance. Moreover, the basic tendency of the mechanical properties of high-carbon Si-Cr cast steel influenced by the austempering temperature was that the hardness and tensile strength reduced and the impact toughness and fracture toughness increased with increasing temperature. The comprehensive properties were the best while austempering at 330 o C.
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