A novel y-type high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit possessing a slightly faster mobility than that of subunit 1Dy12 in SDS-PAGE, designated 1Dy12.1(t) in Aegilops tauschi, was identified by one- and two-dimensional gel and capillary electrophoresis. Its coding gene at the Glu-D(t) 1 locus was amplified with allele-specific-PCR primers, and the amplified products were cloned and sequenced. The complete nucleotide sequence of 2,807 bp containing an open reading frame of 1,950 bp and 857 bp of upstream sequence was obtained. A perfectly conserved enhancer sequence and the -300 element were present at positions of 209-246 bp and 424-447 bp upstream of the ATG start codon, respectively. The deduced mature protein of 1 Dy12.1(t) subunit comprised 648 amino acid residues and had a Mr of 67,518 Da, which is slightly smaller than the 1Dy12 (68,695 Da) but larger than the 1Dy10 (67,495 Da) subunits of bread wheat, respectively, and corresponds well with their relative mobilities when separated by acid-PAGE. The deduced amino acid sequence indicated that the 1Dy12.1(t) subunit displayed a greater similarity to the 1Dy10 subunit, with only seven amino acid substitutions, suggesting that this novel gene could have positive effect on bread-making quality. A phenetic tree produced by nucleotide sequences showed that the x- and y-type subunit genes were respectively clustered together and that the Glu-D(t) 1y12.1 gene of Ae. tauschii is closely related to other y-type subunit genes from the B and D genomes of hexaploid bread wheat.
Data on Odonatoptera species from the Xiaheyan locality (Ningxia, China; Early Pennsylvanian) described so far are complemented based on abundant new material. Several taxonomic and nomenclatural adjustments are proposed. The species <i>Tupus readi</i> Carpenter, 1933 is transferred to the genus <i>Shenzhousia</i> Zhang & Hong, 2006 in Zhang et al. (2006), and therefore should be referred to as <i>Shenzhousia readi</i> (Carpenter, 1933) n. comb. The monotypic genus <i>Sinomeganeura</i> Ren et al., 2008 is synonymized with <i>Oligotypus</i> Carpenter, 1931. As a consequence the type species of the former must be referred to as <i>Oligotypus huangheensis</i> (Ren et al., 2008) n. comb. The monotypic genus <i>Paragilsonia</i> Zhang, Hong & Su, 2012 in Su et al. (2012) is synonymized with <i>Tupus</i> Sellards, 1906. As a consequence the type-species of the former is to be referred to as <i>Tupus orientalis</i> (Zhang, Hong & Su, 2012 in Su et al. (2012)) n. comb. The monotypic genus <i>Sinierasiptera</i> Zhang, Hong & Su, 2012 in Su et al. (2012) is synonymized with <i>Erasipterella</i> Brauckmann, 1983. As a consequence the type-species of the former is to be referred to as <i>Erasipterella jini</i> (Zhang, Hong & Su, 2012 in Su et al. (2012)) n. comb. In addition <i>Aseripterella sinensis</i> n. gen. et sp. and <i>Sylphalula laliquei</i> n. gen. et sp. are described. The "strong oblique distal" cross-vein, located in the area between RA and RP is found to occur more extensively than previously expected. It is believed to be a structure distinct from the subnodal cross-vein, and therefore deserves to be referred to by a distinct name (viz. "postsubnodal cross-vein"). Odonatoptera from the Xiaheyan locality cover a broad range of sizes. Factors that could have promoted the evolution of large-sized Odonatoptera are briefly reviewed. The permissive conditions prevailing during the Pennsylvanian, and the existence of an elaborated food web, are emphasized as putative positive factors. The new taxonomic treatment suggests that genera documented in the Lower Permian, such as <i>Shenzhousia</i> and <i>Oligotypus</i>, stem from the early Pennsylvanian, and implies a high resilience of these taxa when facing the Pennsylvanian–Permian environmental perturbations. <br><br> doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmng.201300006" target="_blank">10.1002/mmng.201300006</a>
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