Monotherapy is the type of therapy most frequently used in all types of seizures. The selection of antiepileptic drugs is based on efficacy for specific seizure types and epileptic syndromes. The most frequently prescribed antiepileptic drug was carbamazepine, followed by phenytoin, valproate and clonazepam. As some of the patients used TCMs for treatment of epilepsy even when scientific medicine has been provided, further studies on the possible interactions between TCMs and antiepileptic drugs are in progress.
A sensitive microbore HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous determination of unbound cefoperazone in rat blood and brain using microdialysis. Two microdialysis probes were inserted into the jugular vein/right atrium and brain striatum of Sprague-Dawley rats. Cefoperazone (50 mgkg(-1), i.v.) was then administered via the femoral vein. Blood and brain dialysates were collected and eluted with a mobile phase containing methanol-100 mM monosodium phosphoric acid (30:70, v/v, pH 5.5). The wavelength of the UV detector was set at 254 nm. The detection limit of cefoperazone was 20 ng mL(-1). Isocratic separation of cefoperazone was achieved within 10 min. The intra- and inter-assay accuracy and precision of the analyses were < or =10% in the range of 0.05-10 microg mL(-1). The ratio of the area under the concentration curve of cefoperazone in rat brain and blood was estimated to be about 7-8%. It is concluded that cefoperazone is capable of penetrating the blood-brain barrier.
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