Human body temperature not only reflects vital signs, but also affects the state of various organs through blood circulation, and even affects lifespan. Here a wireless body temperature detection scheme was presented that the temperature was extracted by investigating the out-of-plane (OP) ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) field of 10.2 nm thick La 0.7 Sr 0.3 MnO 3 (LSMO) film using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique. Within the range of 34–42 °C, the OP FMR field changes linearly with the increasing or decreasing temperature, and this variation comes from the linear responses of magnetization to the fluctuant temperature. Using this method, a tiny temperature change (< 0.1 °C) of organisms can be detected accurately and sensitively, which shows great potential in body temperature monitoring for humans and mammals.
I. IntroductionMagnetostatic wave (MSW) soliton propagation along an yttrium iron garnet (YIG) film and the related nonlinear phenomena have been an attractive subject and studied for a few decades. For the most of them, temporal soliton propagation along a single-layered film is of a great interest and investigated for the application to microwave short pulse generation. In addition, spatial solitoris in the same strncture have been also discussed, which have the spatially localized field profiles in the plane of the film [1,2]. The self-controlling of the microwave signal dependent on the transmitted power can lead to the new type functional devices. However, there is little discussion of the nonlinear characteristics of the waves propagated in the multilayered structure, from the point of nonlinear directional couplers [3]. In nonlinear optics, discrete solitons which propagate along noi&near waveguide array of semiconductor have been investigated for development of alloptical power-handling switches [4]. On the other hand, magnetost,atic surface waves (MSSW) have nonreciprocity between counterpropagating modes, and the characteristics could be useful for the application such as isolators. In this paper: we have investigated the nonlinear coupling coefficients depending on the direction of the power-handling coupler for the waveguide structnre by solving numerically the coiiplcd nonlinear Schrodinger equations. Nnmerical calculation and conclusionsIn the paper, the nonlinear coupling of MSSW in YIG double layer waveguide is estimated quantitatively with the use of perturbation method [5], and the possibility of the power-handling coupler in the structure is shown by solving numerically the coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equations. By increasing the number of the coupled YIG layers, the discrete solitons could be excited, and it may lead to more functional self-controlling of the output RF signal in each port by input power. R efercnces
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