A mathematical model for magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) three-dimensional Couette flow of an incompressible Maxwell fluid is developed and analyzed theoretically. The application of transverse sinusoidal injection at the lower stationary plate and its equivalent removal by suction through the uniformly moving upper plate lead to three-dimensional flow. Approximate solutions for velocity field, pressure, and skin friction are obtained. The effects of flow parameters such as Hartmann number, Reynolds number, suction/injection parameter, and the Deborah number on velocity components, skin friction factors along main flow direction and transverse direction, and pressure through parallel porous plates are discussed graphically. It is noted that Hartmann number provides a mechanism to control the skin friction component along the main flow direction.
Three-dimensional Couette flow of an incompressible Jeffrey fluid is formulated and discussed analytically and graphically. The suction is applied over uniformly moving upper plate and its equivalent deduction by injection at the lower stationary plate. Because of this type of suction/injection, this flow turns into three-dimensional. An analytical method is applied to get main flow velocity, secondary flows velocities and pressure components. Also skin friction components along the main and secondary flow directions have been calculated. The effects of different physical parameters, for example, the Deborah number, suction/injection parameter, the ratio of relaxation time to the retardation time and Reynolds number have been discussed graphically. It is witnessed that the Deborah number plays vital role to control the main flow velocity.
This paper presents different data represented with specific absorption rate (SAR) and temperature deviation, which obtained by using phantom models of different tissues represented using numerical simulation CST Studio Suite which uses two problem, high frequency problem for evaluating electric field and (SAR), and Thermal Steady State (TSS) problem for evaluating temperature and activating others heat sources. This paper also present classifications for tissues according to ability to energy absorption and heat dissipation. First classification, tissues with low blood flow and high water content, the tissue will absorb the energy (SAR) and cause temperature increasing. Second classification, tissues with low blood flow and low water content, the tissue will absorb some of the energy (SAR) and causing temperature increasing with low energy dissipation. Third classification, tissues with high blood flow and high water content, the tissue will absorb the energy (SAR) and cause minor temperature increasing because of high blood flow.
This work explores the three-dimensional laminar flow of an incompressible second-grade fluid between two parallel infinite plates. The assumed suction velocity comprises a basic steady dispersal with a superimposed weak transversally fluctuating distribution. Because of variation of suction velocity in transverse direction on the wall, the problem turns out to be three-dimensional. Analytic solutions for velocity field, pressure and skin friction are presented and effects of dimensionless parameters emerging in the model are discussed. It is observed that the non-Newtonian parameter plays dynamic part to rheostat the velocity component along main flow direction.
Lead-free perovskite gained much more attention of researchers in the field of electronics and photovoltaics due to the toxicity issue of the lead-based perovskite. Using first principle approach based on density functional theory (DFT), the electronic and optical properties of methylammonium tin halide (MTH) perovskite ASnX3 (A = CH3NH3, X = Cl, Br, I) is calculated, the key material for optoelectronic applications, especially for solar cells. The halide contents control the electronic and optical characteristics of material such as orbitals, density of states and optical conductivity. We have identified orbitals consisting of valence and conduction band. Furthermore, the compound ASnI3 shows a suitable band gap than all others compound which makes him suitable candidate for solar cells application.
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