8 mol %-yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thin films as an oxygen ion conductor were deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering, and the oxygen gas sensing properties of YSZ were investigated using the structure of SiO 2 substrate/Ni-NiO/Pt/YSZ/Pt. X-ray diffractometry was employed to study the structure of YSZ and Ni-NiO films, and energy dispersion X-ray was used to investigate the composition of Ni-NiO thin films. The gas-sensing test was carried out for a SiO 2 /Ni-NiO/Pt/YSZ/Pt film structure exposed to oxygen-controlled environments. The steady-state electromotive force (EMF) values were measured as a function of oxygen partial pressure (p O2 ; 1.013 ϫ 10 3 to 1.013 ϫ 10 5 Pa) and operating temperature (573 to 973 K). The fabricated gas sensor cells showed good oxygen sensing properties at the temperature range from 673 to 773 K. However, the sensors were unstable at the operational temperatures above 873 K possibly due to the enhanced interdiffusion of the materials in the multilayer. Also the operation of the sensor at temperatures below 573 K was not good because the temperature was not sufficient to cause ionic conduction in the cell. At the optimum temperature range, the experimental EMF values measured as a function of oxygen partial pressure were close to the theoretically calculated EMF values.

Purpose Immunoscore can effectively predict prognosis in patients with colon cancer; however, its clinical application is limited. We modified the Immunoscore and created a tumor immune microenvironment (TIM) classification system for gastric carcinoma. Unlike previous studies that used small sample sizes or focused on particular immune-cell subtypes, our simplified system enables pathologists to classify gastric carcinomas intuitively using H&E-stained sections. Methods Samples from 326 patients with advanced gastric carcinoma were reviewed and analyzed by pathologists using simple determination and digital image analysis. Comprehensive results of cancer-panel sequencing, Epstein-Barr-virus (EBV) status, and PD-L1, HER2, ATM, PTEN, MET, FGFR2, and EGFR immunohistochemistry were evaluated with respect to the TIM class. ResultsThe TIM was classified as "hot" (n = 22), "immunosuppressed" (n = 178), "excluded" (n = 83), or "cold" (n = 43). TIM category was significantly associated with numbers of frameshift mutations (P < 0.001) and high tumor mutational burden (P < 0.004), and predicted overall survival. It was also significantly associated with age, histological type, degree of fibrosis, PD-L1 expression, loss of ATM and PTEN expression (P < 0.001), sex, EBV positivity, and HER2 overexpression (P < 0.04). "Hot" tumors were frequent in PD-L1 expressing and EBV-positive samples, and in those with ATM and PTEN loss. "Excluded" tumors were frequent in HER2-positive cases, whereas "cold" tumors were more frequent in younger patients with poorly cohesive histology and high fibrosis levels. Conclusions TIM classification system for gastric carcinoma has prognostic significance and results in classes that are associated with molecular characteristics.