High‐speed permanent magnet synchronous machine is often used as a starter generator for a single‐shaft micro‐gas turbine due to its high efficiency and high‐power density. However, when the machine works in the starting mode, it usually needs a complex control system to start since the machine cannot realise self‐starting. Therefore, here, a dual‐purpose rotor sleeve is proposed for the machine to have the starting ability. Furthermore, the dynamic response speed of the machine also can be improved by optimising the electromagnetic characteristics of the sleeve. Taking a 40 kW, 20,000 r/min surface‐mounted permanent magnet machine as an example, the two‐dimensional finite element model of the machine is established. The start‐up time and locked rotor parameters under different sleeve conductivities are studied by the finite element method. In order to find out the reason for the change of starting performance, the rotor eddy current distribution is studied. Furthermore, the starting torque of the machine is decoupling analyzed, and the influence of sleeve conductivity on various kinds of torques are found to reveal the influence mechanism of sleeve conductivity on starting performance. Finally, the correctness of the model is verified by experiments.
Shaft is an important part of rotor, whose electromagnetic characteristics have an impact on the performance of the motor, especially when large diameter shaft and thin rotor yoke are adopted in the two-pole induction motor. Taking a 3 kW two-pole three-phase induction motor as an example, the two-dimensional electromagnetic field model of the motor is established by using finite element method. Firstly, by analyzing the difference of current, power factor, loss and magnetic field distribution of the motor with different shafts that are made from ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic materials. It is determined that the different magnetic saturation degree of rotor yoke is the key factor affecting the performance of motor when different shaft materials are used. Secondly, it is verified that the traditional analytic design method has the inaccurate design problem of the rotor yoke height due to neglecting the specific electromagnetic characteristics of shaft material. Finally, by comparing the differences of motor performance when several common magnetic shaft materials are used in motor shafts, the advantages of various shaft materials in improving motor performance are found. The presented results give guidelines to selecting shaft materials to improve motor performance.
Purpose Owing to the salient pole structure and stator slots of hydro-generator, the air gap magnetic field in the generator is unevenly distributed. High-frequency harmonic components contained in the inhomogeneous air gap magnetic field will have a negative impact on the generator performance. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to improve the distribution of air gap magnetic field by using appropriate magnetic slot wedge, thereby improving the generator performance. Design/methodology/approach Taking a 24 MW, 10.5 kV bulb tubular turbine generator as an example, the 2 D electromagnetic field model of the generator is established by finite element method. The correctness of the model is verified by comparing the finite element calculation data with the experimental data. The influences of the permeability and thickness of the magnetic slot wedge on the generator performance are studied. Findings It is found that the intensity and harmonic content of the air gap magnetic field will change with the permeability of slot wedge and then the performance parameters of the generator will also change nonlinearly. The relationship between the eddy current loss, torque ripple, output voltage and other parameters of the generator and the permeability of slot wedge is confirmed. In addition, the variation of losses and torque with wedge thickness is also obtained. Originality/value The influence mechanism of magnetic slot wedge on the performance of hydro-generator is revealed. The presented results give guidelines to selecting suitable magnetic slot wedge to improve generator performance.
High-speed surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine is often used in micro gas turbine generation system due to its high rotor strength and high efficiency. The electrical machine in this kind of generation system needs to integrate two functions of starter and generator. Therefore, its comprehensive performance, including starting performance and generating performance, has become a comprehensive standard to measure machine performance. In this paper, a 40 kW, 20,000 r/min high-speed machine is taken as an example, the influence of magnets magnetization direction on the machine comprehensive performance is studied. The machine models with different magnets magnetization directions are established by using finite element method and the correctness of the models is verified by comparing the experimental data with the finite element calculation data. On this basis, the influence of different magnetization directions on the performance of the machine, such as generation loss, torque ripple, output voltage, start-up time and maximum starting ability, is analyzed. Furthermore, based on the Fourier decomposition of air gap flux density and the decoupling analysis of starting torque, the influence mechanism of magnetization direction on the performance of the machine is revealed. The presented results provide a reference for the selection of a suitable magnetization direction for high-speed surface-mounted permanent magnet machines.
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