No abstract

Porous materials have already manifested their unique properties in a number of fields. Generally, all porous materials are in a solid state other than liquid, in which molecules are closely packed without porosity. "Porous" and "liquid" seem like antonyms. Herein, we report a new class of Type 3 porous liquids based on rational coupling of microporous framework nanoparticles as porous hosts with a bulky ionic liquid as the fluid media. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) and CO adsorption measurements confirm the successful engineering of permanent porosity into these liquids. Compared to common porous solid materials, as-synthesized porous liquids exhibited pronounced hysteresis loops in the CO sorption isotherms even at ambient conditions (298 K, 1 bar). The unique features of these novel porous liquids could bring new opportunities in many fields including gas separation and storage, air separation and regeneration, gas transport, and permanent gas storage at ambient conditions.

Pure tungsten samples have been neutron irradiated in HFIR at 90~850°C to 0.03~2.2 dpa. A dispersed barrier hardening model informed by the available microstructure data has been used to predict the hardness. Comparison of the model predictions and the measured Vickers hardness reveals the dominant hardening contribution at various irradiation conditions. For tungsten samples irradiated in HFIR, the results indicate that voids and dislocation loops contributed to the hardness increase in the low dose region (< 0.3 dpa), while the formation of intermetallic second phase precipitation, resulting from transmutation, dominates the radiation-induced strengthening beginning with a relatively modest dose (> 0.6 dpa). The precipitate contribution is most pronounced for the HFIR irradiations, whereas the radiation-induced defect cluster microstructure can rationalize the entirety of the hardness increase observed in tungsten irradiated in the fast neutron spectrum of Joyo and the mixed neutron spectrum of JMTR.

The porous liquid zeolites with permanent porosity could be fabricated by exploiting the hydrogen bonding interaction between the alkane chains of branched ionic liquids and the Brønsted sites in H-form zeolites.