In this study, the method for detection of chloramphenicol was investigated by electrochemical sensor; the sensor was constructed by biomass derived porous carbon. At first, porous carbon doped with hetroatoms (nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus) was synthesized based on the use of pyrolysis
and high temperature carbonization methods. Elaeagnusangustifolia L. gum was used as the carbon source in the facile template-free process. The biomass derived porous carbon was then used as the active electrode material for antibiotic sensing. The chemically modified electrodes properties
were studied with the cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry methods. The effects of the scan rate, accumulation time and pH, were carefully considered. Comparison with other working electrodes at the optimized conditions indicated that the N, S, P triple doped porous carbon
modified glassy carbon electrode appeared a well-defined reduction peak towards chloramphenicol. The linear concentration response of chloramphenicol ranged from 1 to 40 μM (R=0.9903) and 50 to 500 μM (R=0.9923), and a low detection limit of 0.01 μM
(S/N=3). Furthermore, the constructed novel electrochemical sensor was used for detection of chloramphenicol in real samples and achieved satisfactory recovers.
Mobile recommender systems have recently become one of the hottest topics in the domain of recommender systems. The main task of mobile recommender systems is to improve the performance and accuracy along with user satisfaction utilizing mobile context, mobile social network and other information. This paper presents an overview of the field of mobile recommender systems including key techniques, evaluation and typical applications. The prospects for future development and suggestions for possible extensions are also discussed.
Atherosclerosis is being thought of as an autoimmune disease. As the most potent antigen-presenting cells, dendritic cells (DCs) have been regarded as a major target for the control of this harmful immune response. In this study, we investigated the effect of ticagrelor, a new antiplatelet drug antagonizing the P2Y12 receptor, on the function of mouse bone marrow-derived DCs. RT-PCR revealed relatively high P2Y12 mRNA levels in DCs, and expression of the P2Y12 protein was documented by western blot analysis. Moreover, antigen (Ag) uptake by DCs was markedly increased following activation of the P2Y12 receptor by adenosine-5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) (ADPβS). Ticagrelor reduced the ADPβS-stimulated uptake of fluorescein-labeled dextran by DCs while exerting no significant effect on spontaneous endocytosis. In addition, ticagrelor suppressed the capacity of ADPβS-stimulated DCs to induce activation of T lymphocytes. Ticagrelor blocked the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in ADPβS-treated DCs. Preventing the activation of PI3K reduced significantly ADPβS-induced endocytosis by DCs. Thus, ticagrelor decreases Ag uptake by DCs via the inhibition of P2Y12 receptor-mediated PI3K activity, attenuating the stimulation of Ag-specific T cells. Our findings indicate that ticagrelor may directly target DCs and inhibit their function, suggesting a possible explanation for the immunoregulatory activity of this drug.
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