In order to protect cultivated land and balance farmers’ needs and shortage of land, the Chinese government introduced policies to rearrange land use in rural areas. However, many problems, such as unused rural construction land and illegally occupied land, have occurred through implementing land use policies. Rural construction land transformation has been promoted to solve these problems. This transformation was designed to let farmers voluntarily transforming their idle rural construction land. Then, local government could rearrange village layout for developing cultivation, industry and green space. Therefore, in order to analyze the factors that influenced farmers’ decision-making behavior in rural construction land transformation, household surveys were conducted in four typical villages in Jizhou District. After using the Probit model to analyze the data, the results indicated that the willingness to settle in the city, the mode of housing resettlement, the mode of compensation, the rationality of the measurement standards, and the annual total household income positively affected the willingness of farmers to transform their rural construction land. The strong willingness to settle in the city dominated the other factors. Moreover, the age and amount of construction land, the method of construction land acquisition, and the amount of cultivated land negatively affected the decision-making behavior during the transformation of rural construction land. Based on the influencing factors, policy suggestions are proposed from the perspectives of establishing an orderly transformation mechanism, implementing priority transformation, and providing compensation for transforming rural construction land.
Coupled and coordinated development is key to improving the level of regional urbanization and sustainable urban development and has important practical significance for solving a series of problems that arise in the process of rapid urbanization. First, from the perspective of system coupling, the development mechanism of the urbanization internal subsystems was deconstructed into five dimensions: population, land, economy, ecology and society. Second, based on data from 2017, the coupling coordination degree of urbanization in 13 cities in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region was measured using the entropy method and a coupling coordination model. Finally, the spatial differences in the levels of subsystem development, comprehensive development and coupling and coordination development of urbanization were analyzed using spatial analysis tools. The results indicate that there are significant differences in the development indices of urbanization subsystems in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, among which the economic and social development indices have the greatest differences, and the ecological development index has the smallest. The comprehensive urbanization index shows a core–periphery distribution pattern, in which Beijing and Tianjin have the highest values, the cities in middle-southern Hebei Province generally have lower values, and the cities in northern Hebei Province have the lowest values. The coupling coordination level of urbanization in the Beijing–Tianjin–Tangshan region and Shijiazhuang, the capital of Hebei Province, is high, and the difference is small. In contrast, in middle-southern and northern Hebei Province, the coupling coordination degree of urbanization is generally low, and the difference is large. Based on the current situation of urbanization in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, policy suggestions are proposed from the perspectives of strengthening the market mechanism of urbanization, adjusting the regional industrial structure and attaching importance to the coupled and coordinated development of urbanization.
The purpose of the coordinated development of urbanization is to achieve the coordination of the internal subsystems of urbanization and the spatial coordination within the region. The coordinated development level of urbanization and its spatial effect are affected by many factors. Based on the influence mechanism of coordinated development of urbanization, in this study, the evaluation index system of coordinated development of urbanization and the analysis of influencing factors are constructed respectively. The coupling coordination model, fixed effect model and spatial lag model are used to analyze the coordinated development level and influencing factors of urbanization in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and the changes of influencing factors before and after the spatial effects are compared. The results are as follows: although the coordinated development level of urbanization in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region shows a trend of increasing year by year, the spatial differentiation phenomenon is becoming more and more obvious. In this process, the internal and external influencing factors of coordinated development of urbanization play a decisive role. In addition, after the spatial effect is included, the significance level of the influencing factors has changed, and the promotion effect on the coordinated development of urbanization is reduced. The performance is as follows: there is insufficient population transfer and employment among regions, low spatial spillover effect of economic development, strong dependence on land finance, expansion of habitat destruction and low degree of governance coordination, imbalance between public resource allocation and public service supply, lack of unified market-oriented environment and strong government intervention. The key points of future policies and reforms are as follows: under the guidance of the national strategic thinking, we should deepen the reform of the administrative system of the government, actively break through the institutional obstacles restricting the coordinated development of urbanization, continuously optimize the state of the urbanization system and form a joint force of coordinated development.
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