Novel (E)-3,4-dihydroxystyryl aralkyl sulfones and sulfoxides were designed and synthesized as new analogues of 1, which showed interesting multifunctional neuroprotective effects, including antioxidative and antineuroinflammatory properties. Specifically, target compounds display excellent potency in scavenging reactive free radicals and demonstrate potent effects against various kinds of toxicities, including H2O2, 6-hydroxydopamine, and lipopolysaccharide in different types of neuronal cells. The antioxidative properties of the target compounds are more potent than that of 1, and the antineuroinflammatory properties are less strong than that of 1. According to the parallel artificial membrane permeation assay for the blood-brain barrier, target compounds possess greater blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability than 1. In short, due to improvement of the antioxidative effect, stability, and BBB permeability, (E)-3,4-dihydroxystyryl aralkyl sulfones and sulfoxides can thus be considered as potential multifunctional neuroprotective agents and serve as new lead candidates in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Interfacial evaporation using light-absorbing hydrogels
offers
efficient solar evaporation performance under natural sunlight, ensuring
an affordable clean water supply. However, achieving light-absorbing
hydrogels with durable and efficient utilization is still a challenge
due to inevitable salt accumulation, a difficult-to-control surface
morphology, and poor mechanical properties on the surfaces of hydrogel-based
evaporators. In this work, a photothermal sponge-like hydrogel with
a 3D interconnected porous structure was constructed using low-cost
activated carbon as a photothermal material, as well as a double-network
polymer chain as the basic skeleton using a simple foaming polymerization
strategy. The sponge-like hydrogel evaporator showed tailored surface
topography, adequate water transport, excellent elasticity and toughness,
good salt rejection, and thermal localization properties. Under the
irradiation of simulated sunlight (1.0 kW/m2), a high evaporation
rate of 2.33 kg·m–2·h–1 was achieved. Furthermore, efficient salt self-cleaning behavior
was achieved due to the fast ion diffusion within the 3D interconnected
porous structures. Even in highly concentrated brine of 15 wt %, continuous
and efficient water evaporation was still achieved. The excellent
evaporation and salt rejection properties of this photothermal sponge-like
hydrogel indicated its promising long-term sustainable utilization
in seawater desalination.
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